Description
Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA), a subtype of temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD), is characterized by progressive cartilage degradation, subchondral bone erosion, and chronic pain. Although there has been extensive research on TMJ-OA, its etiology remains unknown. Age, hormonal factors, and excessive mechanical stress on the TMJ are proposed risk factors for TMJ-OA.