Homo sapiens Raw sequence reads

Type-1 interferons are critical for inhibiting HIV and simian immunodeficiency virus. However, it is largely unknown which of the hundreds of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) restrict HIV replication (with the notable exceptions of APOBEC3G, MX2, and BST-2). To identify HIV restriction factors, we sequenced activated CD4+ T cell RNA from 19 humans with untreated HIV infection before and after peginterferon alpha 2b (IFN) injection. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) durably suppresses HIV-1, prevents progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, and reduces mortality. However, even with ART HIV-1 infected adults remain at higher risk of death from inflammatory disease. To understand the role of ART in altering cell-associated HIV RNA and host RNA changes within activated CD4 T cells we also sequenced activated CD4 T cell RNA from these same 19 humans after initiating ART and obtaining =12 weeks of undetectable viremia.

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