We report the transcriptome changes that result of the genomic deletion of one or two alleles of an islet-specific long non-coding RNA (Blinc1) in isolated pancreas from e15.5 mouse embryos. Overall design: Pancreas from e15.5 embryos were dissected and total RNA extracted. Libraries were prepared from total RNA (RIN>8) with the TruSeq RNA prep kit (Illumina) and sequenced using the HiSeq2000 (Illumina) instrument. More than 20 million reads were mapped to the mouse genome (UCSC/mm9) using Tophat (version 2.0.4) with 4 mismatches and 10 maximum multiple hits. Significantly differentially expressed genes were calculated using DEseq.
βlinc1 encodes a long noncoding RNA that regulates islet β-cell formation and function.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesGenome-wide analyses have identified thousands of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Malat1 (Metastasis Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1) is among the most abundant lncRNAs whose expression is altered in numerous cancers. Here we report that genomic loss, as well as systemic knockdown of Malat1 using antisense oligonucleotides, in the MMTV-PyMT mouse mammary carcinoma model results in slower tumor growth accompanied by differentiation into highly cystic tumors and a significant reduction in lung metastasis. Further, Malat1 loss results in a reduction of branching morphogenesis in MMTV-PyMT and Her2/neu amplified tumor organoids consistent with the in vivo reduction in lung metastasis. At the molecular level, Malat1 knockdown results in alterations in gene expression and changes in splicing patterns of genes involved in differentiation and pro-tumorigenic signaling pathways. Together, these data indicate that the lncRNA Malat1 regulates critical processes in mammary cancer pathogenesis and represents a promising therapeutic target for inhibiting breast cancer metastasis. Overall design: Transcriptome profiles of tumors and organoids after Malat1 knockdown using antisense olgonucleotides (ASOs).
Differentiation of mammary tumors and reduction in metastasis upon Malat1 lncRNA loss.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesInduced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cortical neurons present a powerful new model of neurological disease. Previous work has established that differentiation protocols produce cortical neurons but little has been done to characterise these at cellular resolution. In particular, it is unclear to what extent in vitro two-dimensional, relatively disordered culture conditions recapitulate the development of in vivo cortical layer identity. Single cell multiplex RT-qPCR was used to interrogate the expression of genes previously implicated in cortical layer or phenotypic identity in individual cells. Unexpectedly, 22.7% of neurons analysed frequently co-expressed canonical fetal deep and upper cortical layer markers, and this co-expression was also present at the level of translated protein. By comparing our results to available single cell RNA-seq data from human fetal and adult brain, we observed that this co-expression of layer markers was also seen in primary tissue. These results suggest that establishing neuronal layer identity in iPSC-derived or primary cortical neurons using canonical marker genes transcripts is unlikely to be informative. Overall design: Single cell RNA-seq of 16 iPSC-derived cortical neurons. This dataset was used for normalization purposes for GSE67835.
Assessing similarity to primary tissue and cortical layer identity in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cortical neurons through single-cell transcriptomics.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesAdjacent alternative 3’ splice sites, those separated by =18nt, provide a unique problem in the study of alternative splicing regulation; there is overlap of the cis-elements that define the adjacent sites. Identification of the intron''s 3'' end depends upon sequence elements that define the branchpoint, polypyrimidine tract and terminal AG dinucleotide. Starting with RNA-seq data from germline-enriched and somatic cell-enriched C. elegans samples, we identify hundreds of introns with adjacent alternative 3’ splice sites. We identify 203 events that undergo tissue-specific alternative splicing. For these, the regulation is mono-directional, with somatic cells preferring to splice at the distal 3'' splice site and germline cells showing a distinct shift towards usage of the adjacent proximal 3'' splice site. Splicing patterns in somatic cells follow consensus rules of 3’ splice site definition, using sites with a short stretch of pyrimidines and an AG dinucleotide. Splicing in germline cells occurs at proximal 3'' splice sites that frequently lack a polypyrimidine tract or, occasionally, the AG dinucleotide. We provide evidence that use of germline-specific proximal 3'' splice sites is conserved across Caenorhabditis species. We propose that divergent mechanisms exist between germline and somatic cells in determining an intron terminus at adjacent alternative 3’ splice sites. Overall design: Examination of alternative splicing changes between germline- and somatic-cell enriched samples as well as nonsense-mediated decay mutants.
Coordinated tissue-specific regulation of adjacent alternative 3' splice sites in C. elegans.
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesWe have previously identified hundreds of human islet lncRNAs. Here we functionally characterise 12 such lncRNAs in EndoC-betaH1 cells through loss of function studies.
Human Pancreatic β Cell lncRNAs Control Cell-Specific Regulatory Networks.
Cell line
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Global DNA Hypomethylation in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: Passive Demethylation and Association with Genomic Instability.
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Disease stage
View SamplesComparison of DNA methylome, mRNA transcriptome, and copy number variation in tumors with global loss of DNA methylation to tumors with normal global methylation.
Global DNA Hypomethylation in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: Passive Demethylation and Association with Genomic Instability.
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Disease stage
View SamplesSkeletal muscle has been identified as a secretory organ. We hypothesized that IL-6, a cytokine secreted from skeletal muscle during exercise, could induce production of other secreted factors in skeletal muscle.
Calprotectin is released from human skeletal muscle tissue during exercise.
Sex, Subject, Time
View SamplesTotal RNA microarray data from Fresh-Frozen Glioblastoma tumor samples.
Epigenetic suppression of EGFR signaling in G-CIMP+ glioblastomas.
Specimen part, Disease stage
View SamplesWe performed mRNA-seq of a PRKACA-mutant adrenal tumor and demonstrated that the mutation is expressed at the mRNA level. Overall design: Total RNA obtained from a cortisol-producing adrenal tumor with a PRKACA p.Leu206Arg mutation.
Recurrent activating mutation in PRKACA in cortisol-producing adrenal tumors.
No sample metadata fields
View Samples