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The Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 Two-Component Regulator CarSR Regulates Calcium Homeostasis and Calcium-Induced Virulence Factor Production through Its Regulatory Targets CarO and CarP.
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View SamplesPAO1 was cultured planktonically to stationary phase with 10 mM calcium and no added calcium. The transcriptional response to calcium addition was determined.
The Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 Two-Component Regulator CarSR Regulates Calcium Homeostasis and Calcium-Induced Virulence Factor Production through Its Regulatory Targets CarO and CarP.
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View SamplesBackgropund:In a major paradigm shift in the last decade, the knowledge about a whole class of non-coding RNAs known as miRNAs has emerged, which have proved these to be important regulators of a wide range of cellular processes by the way of modulation of gene expression. It is reported that some of these miRNAs are modified by addition or deletion of nucleotides at their ends, after biogenesis. However, the biogenesis and functions of these modifications are not well studied in eukaryotes, especially in plants. In this study, we examined the miRNA modifications in different tissues of the various plants, namely rice, tomato and Arabidopsis and identified some common features of such modifications. Results:We have analyzed different aspects of miRNA modifications in plants. To achieve this end, we developed a PERL script to find the modifications in the sequences using small RNA deep sequencing data. The modification occurs in both mature and passenger (star) strands, as well as at both the 5'' and 3'' ends of miRNAs. Interestingly, we found a position-specific nucleotide biased modification, as evident by increased number of modification at the 5'' end with the presence of Cytosine (nucleotide ''C'') at the 3’end of the miRNA sequence. The level of modifications is not strictly dependent on the abundance of miRNA. Our study showed that the modification events are independent of plant species, tissue and physiological conditions. Our analysis also indicates that the RNAi enzyme, namely, the RNA dependent RNA polymerase 6 (RDR6) may not have any role in Arabidopsis miRNA modifications. Some of these modified miRNAs are bound to AGO1, suggesting their possible roles in biological processes. Conclusions:This is a first report that reveals that 5'' nucleotide additions are preferred for mature miRNA sequences with 3’ terminal ‘C’ nucleotide. Our analysis also indicates that the miRNAs modifications involving addition of nucleotides to the 5’ or 3’ end are independent of RDR6 activity and are not restricted by plant species, physiological conditions and tissue types. The results also indicate that such modifications might be important for biological processes. Overall design: small RNA profiles of wild type and RDR6 (-) of Arabidopsis plants were generated using deep sequencing data.
3' and 5' microRNA-end post-biogenesis modifications in plant transcriptomes: Evidences from small RNA next generation sequencing data analysis.
Subject
View SamplesRNA sequencing was performed to determine the uniqueness of splenic follicular IgD low B cells compared to splenic follicular IgD high and marginal zone B cells. Overall design: Splenic follicular IgD low and IgD high , and MZ B cells were sorted by FACS from naïve 8-10 weeks old mice. Total RNA was isolated from the sorted cells using RNAqueous® -4PCR kit and RNA sequencing was performed. Splenocytes from five mice were pooled for each sorting. Three independent sorting was performed for each B cell subset.
Mature IgD<sup>low/-</sup> B cells maintain tolerance by promoting regulatory T cell homeostasis.
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesThe identification of multiple signals at individual loci could explain additional phenotypic variance ('missing heritability') of common traits, and help identify causal genes. We examined gene expression levels as a model trait because of the large number of strong genetic effects acting in cis. Using expression profiles from 613 individuals, we performed genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analyses to identify cis-expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs), and conditional analysis to identify second signals. We examined patterns of association when accounting for multiple SNPs at a locus and when including additional SNPs from the 1000 Genomes Project. We identified 1298 cis-eQTLs at an approximate false discovery rate 0.01, of which 118 (9%) showed evidence of a second independent signal. For this subset of 118 traits, accounting for two signals resulted in an average 31% increase in phenotypic variance explained (Wilcoxon P< 0.0001). The association of SNPs with cis gene expression could increase, stay similar or decrease in significance when accounting for linkage disequilibrium with second signals at the same locus. Pairs of SNPs increasing in significance tended to have gene expression increasing alleles on opposite haplotypes, whereas pairs of SNPs decreasing in significance tended to have gene expression increasing alleles on the same haplotypes. Adding data from the 1000 Genomes Project showed that apparently independent signals could be potentially explained by a single association signal. Our results show that accounting for multiple variants at a locus will increase the variance explained in a substantial fraction of loci, but that allelic heterogeneity will be difficult to define without resequencing loci and functional work.
Allelic heterogeneity and more detailed analyses of known loci explain additional phenotypic variation and reveal complex patterns of association.
Specimen part
View SamplesCompare the gene expression profile among human CD34+ cord blood cells infected with MIGR1, MIGR1-AML1-ETO or MIGR1-AML1-ETONHR1
The leukemogenicity of AML1-ETO is dependent on site-specific lysine acetylation.
Specimen part
View SamplesHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most-common cancer worldwide causing nearly 600,000 deaths esch year. Approximately 80% of HCC develops on the background of cirrhosis.It is necessary to identify novel genes involved in HCC to implement new diagnostic and treatment options. However, the molecular pathogenesis of HCC largely remains unsolved. Only a few genetic alterations, namely those affecting p53, -catenin and p16INK4a have been implicated at moderate frequencies of these cancers. Early detection of HCC with appropriate treatment can decrease tumor-related deaths
Genome-wide transcriptional reorganization associated with senescence-to-immortality switch during human hepatocellular carcinogenesis.
Specimen part
View SamplesCellular senescence is a tumor suppressor mechanism, and immortalization facilitates neoplastic transformation. Both mechanisms may be highly relevant to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development and its molecular heterogeneity. Cellular senescence appears to play a major role in liver diseases. Chronic liver diseases are associated with progressive telomere shortening leading senescence that is observed highly in cirrhosis, but also in some HCC. We previously described the generation of immortal and senescence-programmed clones from HCC-derived Huh7 cell line.
Genome-wide transcriptional reorganization associated with senescence-to-immortality switch during human hepatocellular carcinogenesis.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesGoal of this study was to compare transcriptional changes in IFN-gamma-treated WT compared to IRF1-deficient Th9 cells Overall design: mRNA profiles of Th9 cells cultured for 2 days in the presence of IFN-gamma in vitro were generated by deep sequencing using Illumina HiSeq2000
Reciprocal regulation of the Il9 locus by counteracting activities of transcription factors IRF1 and IRF4.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesThe goal was to study the effects of lead exposure on gene expression and identify the lead-responsive genes. After detecting 1,536 cis-eQTLs (FDR = 10%) and 952 trans-eQTLs, we focused our analysis on Pb-sensitive “trans-eQTL hotspots”. Overall design: 158 randomly selected Drosophila Synthetic Population Resource (A2) samples (control 79 samples and Pb-treated) without replicates
Identification of Splicing Quantitative Trait Loci (sQTL) in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> with Developmental Lead (Pb<sup>2+</sup>) Exposure.
Cell line, Subject
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