Adoptive T cell therapy (ACT) is a promising therapeutic approach for cancer patients. The use of allogeneic T cell grafts will improve its applicability and versatility provided that inherent allogeneic responses are controlled. T cell activation is finely regulated by multiple signaling molecules that are transcriptionally controlled by epigenetic mechanisms. Through extensive chemical probe screening, we found that inhibiting DOT1L, a histone H3-lysine 79 methyltransferase, alleviated allogeneic T cell responses.
DOT1L inhibition attenuates graft-versus-host disease by allogeneic T cells in adoptive immunotherapy models.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesAdoptive T cell therapy (ACT) is a promising therapeutic approach for cancer patients. The use of allogeneic T cell grafts will improve its applicability and versatility provided that inherent allogeneic responses are controlled. Through extensive chemical probe screening, we found that inhibiting DOT1L, a histone H3-lysine 79 methyltransferase, alleviated allogeneic T cell responses. DOT1L inhibition with SGC0946 selectively ameliorated low-avidity T cell responses but not high-avidity antitumor T cell responses mediated by the high-affinity T cell receptor or chimeric antigen receptor. The inhibition of DOT1L in T cells prevented the development of graft-versus-host disease while retaining potent antitumor activity in xenogeneic ACT models. These results suggest that DOT1L inhibition may enable the safe and effective use of allogeneic antitumor T cells by suppressing unwanted immunological reactions in ACT. Overall design: To investigate how DOT1L inhibition modulates the T cell activation signal, we compared gene expression profiles between SGC0946-treated or DMSO-treated (control) T cells by RNA-sequencing analysis. Human CD8+ T cells derived from three different healthy donors were cultured in the presence of SGC0946 or DMSO. Total RNA was collected from each sample and gene expression profiles were analyzed by RNA-sequencing using an Illumina HiSeq 2500 sequencer.
DOT1L inhibition attenuates graft-versus-host disease by allogeneic T cells in adoptive immunotherapy models.
Specimen part, Treatment, Subject
View SamplesPatients with oncogene driven tumors are currently treated with targeted therapeutics such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors. The inhibited oncogenic pathway often interacts with other signaling pathways and alters predicted therapeutic response. Genomic data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) demonstrates pervasive molecular alterations to EGFR, MAPK, and PI3K signaling in previously untreated tumors. Therefore, this study uses bioinformatics algorithms to infer the complex pathway interactions that result from EGFR inhibitor use in cancer cells that contain these these common EGFR network genetic alterations. To do this, we modified the HaCaT keratinocyte cell line model of premalignancy to simulate cancer cells with constitutive activation of EGFR, HRAS, and PI3K in a controlled genetic background. We then measured gene expression after treating modified HaCaT cells with three EGFR targeted agents (gefitinib, afatinib, and cetuximab) for 24 hours.
CoGAPS matrix factorization algorithm identifies transcriptional changes in AP-2alpha target genes in feedback from therapeutic inhibition of the EGFR network.
Cell line, Treatment
View SamplesTo determine the expression AP2-alpha target genes, global gene expression of 7 HNSCC cell lines with and without cetuximab treatment (100 nM, 24 hrs) and the HaCaT keratinocyte cell line was performed.
CoGAPS matrix factorization algorithm identifies transcriptional changes in AP-2alpha target genes in feedback from therapeutic inhibition of the EGFR network.
Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesRNA sequencing was performed to investigate ionizing radiation-dependent transcriptional change in human pluripotent cells and differentiated cells. Overall design: Examined 3 types of cells (fibroblasts, iPS cells and neural progenitor cells) and 2 types of treatments (non IR or IR), total 6 samples were analyzed.
Reprogramming and differentiation-dependent transcriptional alteration of DNA damage response and apoptosis genes in human induced pluripotent stem cells.
Specimen part, Treatment, Subject
View SamplesGenome-wide DNA demethylation, including the erasure of genome imprints, in primordial germ cells (PGCs), is critical as a first step for creating the totipotent epigenome in the germ line. Here, we provide evidence that contrary to the prevailing model involving active DNA demethylation, imprint erasure in mouse PGCs occurs in a manner consistent with replication-coupled passive DNA demethylation: PGCs erase imprints during their rapid proliferation with little de novo as well as maintenance DNA methylation potential and no major chromatin alterations. Our findings necessitate the re-evaluation of and provide novel insights into the mechanism of genome-wide DNA demethylation in PGCs.
Replication-coupled passive DNA demethylation for the erasure of genome imprints in mice.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesIn the present study, we investigated the effect of CBM 588 on lifespan and multiple-stress resistance using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model animal. When adult C. elegans were fed a standard diet of Escherichia coli OP50 or CBM 588, the lifespan of the animals fed CBM 588 was significantly longer than that of animals fed OP50. Moreover, the worms fed CBM 588 were more resistant to certain stressors, including infections with pathogenic bacteria, UV irradiation, and the metal stressor Cu2+. CBM 588 failed to extend the lifespan of the daf-2/IR, daf-16/FOXO and skn-1/Nrf2 mutants. Transcriptional profiling comparing CBM 588-fed and control-fed animals suggested that DAF-16-dependent class II genes were regulated by CBM 588. In conclusion, CBM 588 extends the lifespan of C. elegans probably through regulation of the insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) pathway and the Nrf2 transcription factor, and CBM 588 improves resistance to several stressors in C. elegans. Overall design: Transcriptional profiling of eight-day-old worms that were fed OP50 or CBM 588 for five days, by deep sequencing, using Illumina HiSeq.
<i>Clostridium butyricum</i> MIYAIRI 588 Increases the Lifespan and Multiple-Stress Resistance of <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>.
Sex, Cell line, Treatment, Subject
View SamplesThe forced expression of Yamanaka factors (Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc) reprograms cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) through a series of sequential cell fate conversions. The order and robustness of gene expression changes are highly depended on the Yamanaka factor stoichiometry. We specifically focused on two different reprogramming paths induced by high- and low-Klf4 stoichiometry, which were accomplished by introducing OK+9MS or OKMS polycistronic cassettes, respectively, into mouse embryonic fibroblasts. By comparing these reprograming intermediates with embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and primary keratinocytes, we identified high-Klf4 specific, transiently up-regulated epithelial genes. We found that expression of these epithelial genes was enriched in a TROP2-positive cell population. Moreover, we identified a set of transcription factors which are candidates for the regulation of transiently expressed epithelial genes, and revealed their connection to high-Klf4-specific reprogramming hallmarks.
OVOL1 Influences the Determination and Expansion of iPSC Reprogramming Intermediates.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesZinc-finger genes Fezf1 and Fezf2 encode transcriptional repressors. Fezf1 and Fezf2 are expressed in the early neural stem/progenitor cells and control neuronal differentiation in mouse dorsal telencephalon.
Zinc finger genes Fezf1 and Fezf2 control neuronal differentiation by repressing Hes5 expression in the forebrain.
Specimen part
View SamplesWe identify perhexiline, a small molecule inhibitor of mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1, as a HES1-signature antagonist drug with robust antileukemic activity against NOTCH1 induced leukemias in vitro and in vivo. Overall design: RNA-Seq from CUTLL1 cell lines treated with Perhexiline or vehicle for 3 days
Therapeutic targeting of HES1 transcriptional programs in T-ALL.
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