We compared retinal transcriptomes of jNCL mice and wild-type mice under conditions of light damage
Immunomodulation with minocycline rescues retinal degeneration in juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis mice highly susceptible to light damage.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesPU.1 is a key transcription factor for macrophage differentiation. Novel PU.1 target genes were identified by mRNA profiling of PU.1-deficient progenitor cells (PUER) before and after PU.1 activation. We used two different types of Affymetrix DNA-microarrays (430 2.0 arrays and ST 1.0 exon arrays) to characterize the global PU.1-regulated transcriptional program underlying the early processes of macrophage differentiation.
Transcriptomic profiling identifies a PU.1 regulatory network in macrophages.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesMinocycline is a potent modulator of retinal microglia Overall design: Global mRNA expression analysis of CD1 mouse retinas in control, light damage and light damage plus minocycline conditions
Minocycline counter-regulates pro-inflammatory microglia responses in the retina and protects from degeneration.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesOur aim was to identify genes that were differentially expressed in microglia stimulated with Lipopolysaccharide, Luteolin, or both.
Luteolin triggers global changes in the microglial transcriptome leading to a unique anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective phenotype.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesPuberty unmasks or accelerates nephropathies, including the nephropathy of diabetes mellitus (DM). A number of cellular systems implicated in the kidney disease of DM interweave, forming an interdependent functional web. We performed focused microarray analysis to test the hypothesis that one or more genes in the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-) signaling system would be differentially regulated in male rats depending on the age of onset of DM.
Prepubertal onset of diabetes prevents expression of renal cortical connective tissue growth factor.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Large-scale hypomethylated blocks associated with Epstein-Barr virus-induced B-cell immortalization.
Specimen part, Time
View SamplesTo determine what DNA methylation and gene expression changes occur following EBV transformation. B-cells were isolated from 3 donors. Resting, CD40 activated and EBV transfromed cells from each donor was analyzed. Each sample was assayed using Affymetrix expression arrays and whole genome bisulfite sequenicng. Additional time points during transformation and activation were sequenced as well, but not assayed for expression.
Large-scale hypomethylated blocks associated with Epstein-Barr virus-induced B-cell immortalization.
Specimen part
View SamplesProgesterone promotes differentiation coupled to proliferation and pro-survival in the breast, but inhibits estrogen-driven growth in the reproductive tract and ovaries. Herein, it is demonstrated, using progesterone receptor (PR) isoform-specific ovarian cancer model systems, that PR-A and PR-B promote distinct gene expression profiles that differ from PR-driven genes in breast cancer cells. In ovarian cancer models, PR-A primarily regulates genes independently of progestin, while PR-B is the dominant ligand-dependent isoform. Notably, FOXO1 and the PR/FOXO1 target-gene p21 (CDKN1A) are repressed by PR-A, but induced by PR-B. In the presence of progestin, PR-B, but not PR-A, robustly induced cellular senescence via FOXO1-dependent induction of p21 and p15 (CDKN2B). Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays performed on PR-isoform specific cells demonstrated that while each isoform is recruited to the same PRE-containing region of the p21 promoter in response to progestin, only PR-B elicits active chromatin marks. Overexpression of constitutively active FOXO1 in PR-A-expressing cells conferred robust ligand-dependent upregulation of the PR-B target genes GZMA, IGFBP1, and p21, and induced cellular senescence. In the presence of endogenous active FOXO1, PR-A was phosphorylated on Ser294 and transactivated PR-B at PR-B target genes; these events were blocked by the FOXO1 inhibitor (AS1842856). PR isoform-specific regulation of the FOXO1/p21 axis recapitulated in human primary ovarian tumor explants treated with progestin; loss of progestin sensitivity correlated with high AKT activity.
Active FOXO1 Is a Key Determinant of Isoform-Specific Progesterone Receptor Transactivation and Senescence Programming.
Treatment, Time
View SamplesProgesterone receptors (PRs) are critical context-dependent transcription factors required for normal uterine (PR-A) and mammary gland (PR-B) development. Progesterone is proliferative in the breast, where PR-target genes include paracrine factors that mediate mammary stem cell self-renewal. In the context of altered signal transduction that typifies breast tumorigenesis, dysregulated (i.e. hyper-phosphorylated) PRs likely contribute to tumor progression by promoting cancer cell pro-survival and proliferation. Notably, in breast cancer cells, progestin-bound PRs induce rapid MAPK activation leading to selective regulation of growth-promoting genes by phosphorylated PR species. Functional domains within PR that interact with c-Src and estrogen receptors (ER) have been identified as indirect routes to MAPK activation. Herein, we describe a common docking (CD) domain located within the PR-B N-terminus, a motif first described in MAPKs that facilitates direct interactions between MAPKs and MEK1 or MAPK-phosphatases (MKPs). Mutation of negatively-charged amino acids, previously determined to be critical for CD domain function in MAPKs, within PR-B (mCD PR) did not alter MEK-binding or progestin-induced rapid signaling (i.e. MAPK activation) and PR transcriptional activity as measured by PRE-luciferase (reporter) assays. Microarray gene-expression analysis revealed that endogenous genes regulated by wt PR, but not mCD PR, are involved in critical cellular pathways regulating growth, proliferation, survival, and cancer. mCD PR failed to undergo ligand-induced phosphorylation on Ser81, a ck2-dependent site required for progestin-regulation of select growth-promoting genes (BIRC3, HSD112, HbEGF). Progestin-induced PR Ser81 phosphorylation mapped to CD domain-dependent binding of PR-B to MKP3, but did not require phosphatase activity. Receptors containing either mutant CD domains (mCD PR) or point mutations of Ser81 (S79/81A PR) failed to upregulate STAT5 and Wnt1, key PR-target gene products that act as critical mediators of mammary stem cell expansion. Inhibition of JAK/STAT signaling blocked progestin-induced STAT5 and Wnt1 expression. ChIP assays demonstrated that wt, but not phospho-mutant (S79/81A), PR-B was co-recruited to a PRE-containing enhancer region of the Wnt1 gene along with MKP3, ck2 and STAT5. Our studies reveal a novel scaffolding action of MKP3 mediated by interaction with the PR CD domain and required for ck2-dependent PR Ser81 phosphorylation. Co-regulation of select target genes by phospho-Ser81 PR and phospho-STAT5 is likely a global mechanism required for the activation of growth promoting programs active during normal mammary gland development and relevant to mechanisms of breast cancer progression.
A Common Docking Domain in Progesterone Receptor-B links DUSP6 and CK2 signaling to proliferative transcriptional programs in breast cancer cells.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesThe progesterone receptor specific gene targets were investigated in ovarian and breast cancer cell lines where FOXO1 was found to be a primary factor that cooperates with PR to activate cellular senescence genes (including p21) specifically in ovarian cells.
Active FOXO1 Is a Key Determinant of Isoform-Specific Progesterone Receptor Transactivation and Senescence Programming.
Treatment, Time
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