Chromosome dosage plays a significant role in reproductive isolation and speciation in both plants and animals, but underlying mechanisms are largely obscure. Transposable elements can promote hybridity through maternal small RNA, and have been postulated to regulate dosage response via neighboring imprinted genes. Here, we show that a highly conserved microRNA in plants, miR845, targets the tRNAMet primer-binding site (PBS) of LTR-retrotransposons in Arabidopsis pollen, and triggers the accumulation of 21 to 22-nucleotide small RNA in a dose dependent fashion via RNA polymerase IV. We show that these epigenetically activated small-interfering RNAs (easiRNAs) mediate hybridization barriers between diploid seed parents and tetraploid pollen parents (“the triploid block”), and that natural variation for miR845 may account for “endosperm balance” allowing formation of triploid seeds. Targeting the PBS with small RNA is a common mechanism for transposon control in mammals and plants, and provides a uniquely sensitive means to monitor chromosome dosage and imprinting in the developing seed. Overall design: RNA-seq of Arabidopsis pollen
Transposon-derived small RNAs triggered by miR845 mediate genome dosage response in Arabidopsis.
Specimen part, Subject
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Mutant human embryonic stem cells reveal neurite and synapse formation defects in type 1 myotonic dystrophy.
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View SamplesAnalysis of genes that were differentially expressed in mutant VUB03_DM1 as compared to controls VUB01 and SA01 Neural Precursor cells
Mutant human embryonic stem cells reveal neurite and synapse formation defects in type 1 myotonic dystrophy.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesAnalysis of genes that were differentially expressed in mutant VUB03_DM1 as compared to controls VUB01 and SA01 undifferentiated hES cells
Mutant human embryonic stem cells reveal neurite and synapse formation defects in type 1 myotonic dystrophy.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesAnalysis of genes that were differentially expressed in mutant VUB03_DM1 as compared to controls VUB01 and SA01 Mesodermal Precursors Cells.
Mutant human embryonic stem cells reveal neurite and synapse formation defects in type 1 myotonic dystrophy.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesHere we used microarray expression profiling to characterise global changes in gene expression during stages of proliferation and differentiation of human neural stem cells
Associations of the Intellectual Disability Gene MYT1L with Helix-Loop-Helix Gene Expression, Hippocampus Volume and Hippocampus Activation During Memory Retrieval.
Specimen part, Cell line
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DIDO as a Switchboard that Regulates Self-Renewal and Differentiation in Embryonic Stem Cells.
Specimen part
View SamplesTransition from symmetric to asymmetric cell division requires precise coordination of differential gene expression. Embryonic stem cells (ESC) strongly express Dido3, whose C-terminal truncation impedes ESC differentiation while retaining self-renewal. We show that Dido3 binds to its gene locus via H3K4me3 and RNA pol II and, at differentiation onset, induces expression of its splice variant Dido1, which then leads to Dido3 degradation and downregulation of stemness genes. We propose that Dido isoforms act as a switchboard to regulate genetic programs for ESC transition from pluripotency maintenance to promotion of differentiation.
DIDO as a Switchboard that Regulates Self-Renewal and Differentiation in Embryonic Stem Cells.
Specimen part
View SamplesHuman medulloblastoma (MB) can be segregated into four major categories based on gene expression patterns: Hedgehog (HH) subtype, Wnt subtype, Group 3, and Group 4. However, they all exhibit strikingly different gene expression profiles from Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor (AT/RT). We re-analyzed published gene expression microarray dataset of pediatric brain tumors to identify a gene expression profile that clearly distinguished human AT/RT from human MB. We used this profile, choosing only genes that have clear murine orthologs, to compare tumors from Snf5F/Fp53L/LGFAP-Cre mice (in C57Bl/6 strain background) with MB from Ptc1+/- mice (in mixed C57Bl/6 and 129Sv strain background). Snf5F/Fp53L/LGFAP-Cre tumors are clearly very different from mouse MB and the markers that distinguish human AT/RT from human MB also distinguish the mouse tumors.
Generation of a mouse model of atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor of the central nervous system through combined deletion of Snf5 and p53.
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View SamplesHere we propose the direct conversion of human somatic cells into naive induced pluripotent cells (niPSC). Dataset: 7 expanded niPSC lines (4 from BJ cells, 1 from HFF-1, 1 from WI38, 1from IMR90), 1 freshly-isolated primary colonies of niPSC from BJ, 1 established naive embryonic line H9, 1 primed induced pluripotent cell line (from BJ), 1 sample of BJ fibroblasts, 1 sample of WI38 fibroblasts, 1 sample IMR90 fibroblasts.
Direct generation of human naive induced pluripotent stem cells from somatic cells in microfluidics.
No sample metadata fields
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