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GSE8764
Homo sapiens
13 Downloadable Samples
Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array (hgu133plus2)
Description
Previous studies suggest that there may be age and gender related differences in salivary gland function. However, the limited and often conflicting information available from healthy populations makes it difficult to confirm these differences. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate and compare changes in gene expression associated with age and gender in the human parotid gland. Differential expression, defined as statistically significant differences with at least 1.5 fold changes, was detected using the Affymetrix GeneChip HGU133plus2.0 microarray in 787 gene probe sets; 320 showed higher expression in males, while 467 showed higher expression in females. Several genes associated with saliva secretion were differentially expressed in male and female parotid gland including vesicle-associated membrane protein 3 VAMP3, synaptosomal-associated protein SNAP23, RAS oncogene family member RAB1A, syntaxin binding protein STXBP1. When the gene expression results from the youngest (19-38 years old) and the oldest (65-69 years old) female subjects were further evaluated, it was found that the expression of 228 genes were altered during aging; 155 genes were down-regulated, whereas 73 genes were up-regulated in the female parotid gland. Of the genes that were altered during aging, 24 of the 28 genes (86%) classified as being associated with immune responses were down-regulated in the aged parotid gland. A panel of differentially expressed, age- and gender-related genes was selected for further study by quantitative, real-time RT-PCR. Comparable differences in gene expression were detected by both Affymetrix array and quantitative, real-time RT-PCR methods. Taken together, our data suggest that salivary gland function may be adversely affected in the aged population due, at least in part, to the down regulation of several categories of genes. Moreover, the gender specific gene expressions identified in the present study correlates with the previously observed sexual dimorphism in salivary gland function.
Publication Title
Age and gender related differences in human parotid gland gene expression.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Drosophila melanogaster
- 29 Downloadable Samples
Illumina HiSeq 2000
Description
The study used two Drosophila melanogaster fly lines, Alstonville and Dahomey, which have mitochondrial DNA variants but otherwise similar genomes. Female third instar larvae from both lines were fed on two diets, one with a 1:2 protein:carbohydrate ratio and the other with a 1:16 ratio. RNA was extracted and profiled by RNA-seq. Samples were sequenced on an Illumina Hiseq 2000 sequencer at the Ramaciotti Centre for Genomics, Sydney, Australia to produce 100bp paired end reads. At least 80 million read pairs were generated per sample. Overall design: Four independent replicates were obtained for each mitotype-diet combination.
Publication Title
Genotype to phenotype: Diet-by-mitochondrial DNA haplotype interactions drive metabolic flexibility and organismal fitness.
Sample Metadata Fields
Subject
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 16 Downloadable Samples
- Illumina HiSeq 2500
Description
Follicular T-helper (TFH) cells are essential for germinal center (GC) responses. TFH localization in GCs is controlled by chemo-guidance cues and antigen-specific adhesion. Here we define an antigen-independent, contact-dependent, adhesive guidance system for TFH cells. Unusual for amoeboid cell migration, the system is composed of transmembrane plexin B2 (PlxnB2) molecule that is highly expressed by GC B cells and its transmembrane binding partner semaphorin 4C (Sema4C) that is upregulated on TFH cells. Instead of effectuating repulsion as a ligand, Sema4C serves as the receptor to sense PlxnB2 and bias TFH migration inward at the GC edge to penetrate the GC territory. The absence of PlxnB2 from the GC or Sema4C from TFH cells causes TFH accumulation along the GC border, impairs TFH -B cell interactions and is associated with defective plasma cell production and affinity maturation. Therefore, Sema4C and PlxnB2 regulate GC TFH recruitment and function and optimal antibody responses. Overall design: Plxnb2+/+ or Plxnb2-/- CFP-expressing MD4 B cells were co-transferred together with OT-II T cells into B6 recipients that were subsequently immunized with HEL-OVA subcutaneously. MD4 cells of the 7-AAD-CD19+IgD-GL7hiFashi GC phenotype were FACS-sorted from pooled draining lymph nodes on day 5. To conduct transcriptomic RNA-seq analyses on these cells, a protocol initially developed for single-cell RNA-seq (Tang et al., 2011) was modified to accommodate 400 sorted cells by doubling reaction volumes with extra buffers until the step for second strand DNA synthesis. Cells were directly sorted into the lysis buffer, and reverse transcription was carried out for individual sorts within 20 minutes after isolation to preserve sample integrity. SE-100 sequencing was conducted for all samples on a HiSeq 2500 sequencer (Illumina) at the Tsinghua. Sequence reads were aligned to the Mus musculus reference genome using TopHat2 and assembled by Cufflinks to calculate the FPKM for each transcript. Genes with an average read number of at least 1 were subjected to differential expression analysis by the DESeq2 software (Bioconductor) with a call threshold set at padj<0.1.
Publication Title
Plexin B2 and Semaphorin 4C Guide T Cell Recruitment and Function in the Germinal Center.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 18 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Human Human Exon 1.0 ST Array (huex10st)
Description
Here we compare the effects of stimulation on cord blood derived CD4+ CD25+ (Treg) and CD4+ CD25- (Thelper) cells, isolated by MACS protocols & expanded in vitro using dynabeads. Expansion was carried out at a ratio of 3 beads/cell in the presence of 1000units/ml of recombinant human IL2 for 8 days, followed by 3 days of culture without beads.
Publication Title
Genome-wide identification of human FOXP3 target genes in natural regulatory T cells.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Treatment
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 6 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Gene 1.0 ST Array (mogene10st)
Description
Cells undergoing apoptosis are known to modulate their tissue microenvironments. By acting on phagocytes, notably macrophages, apoptotic cells inhibit immunological and inflammatory responses and promote trophic signaling pathways. Paradoxically because of their potential to cause death of tumor cells and thereby militate against malignant disease progression, both apoptosis and tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) are often associated with poor prognosis in cancer. In order to better understand the influence of tumor cell apoptosis and in particular its effect on TAM, we investigated global gene expression signatures of undisturbed TAM engaged in engulfment of apoptotic tumor cells. We studied a xenograft model of an aggressive starry-sky non-Hodgkins lymphoma, Burkitts lymphoma (BL), in which apoptotic tumor cells are common and frequently observed in association with the starry-sky TAM (SS-TAM, so called because they appear histologically as stars in a sky of tumor cells) that accumulate in these tumors. We used a BL cell line (BL2) whose cells phenotypically resemble the tumor biopsy cells from which the line was derived including the capacity to undergo apoptosis constitutively. BL xenografts in SCID mice closely recapitulated the starry-sky histological picture of the human lymphoma. Due to the high sensitivity of macrophages to their environments, we adopted laser-capture microdissection of individual SS-TAM in BL xenografts in order to obtain unbiased in situ transcriptional profiles of these cells, which we compared specifically with those of similarly-captured macrophages, the tingible-body macrophages from normal germinal centers (GCM). The rationale for this comparison was based upon BL being a germinal center malignancy and tingible-body macrophages being regarded as normal equivalents of SS-TAM.
Publication Title
Oncogenic properties of apoptotic tumor cells in aggressive B cell lymphoma.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex, Specimen part
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 11 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Human Genome U133A Array (hgu133a)
Description
Inflammatory mediators play a role in the pathogenesis/progression of chronic heart failure (CHF). The aim of the present study was to identify diagnostic/prognostic markers and gene expression profiles of CHF vs control.
Publication Title
Gene expression profiles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of chronic heart failure patients.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Mus musculus, Homo sapiens
- 12 Downloadable Samples
- Illumina HumanHT-12 V4.0 expression beadchip
Description
This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Publication Title
Cancer exosomes perform cell-independent microRNA biogenesis and promote tumorigenesis.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Cell line
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 54 Downloadable Samples
- Illumina HiSeq 2500
Description
Human lymphoid tissues harbor, in addition to CD56bright and CD56dim natural killer (NK) cells, a third NK cell population: CD69+CXCR6+ lymphoid tissue (lt)NK cells. The function and development of ltNK cells remain poorly understood. In this study we performed RNA sequencing on the CD56bright and CD56dim NK cells (from bone marrow and blood), and the ltNK cells (from bone marrow). In addition, the blood derived CD56dim, and bone marrow derived ltNK cells were further subdivided into a NKG2A+ and NKG2A- fraction. Paired blood and bone marrow samples of 4 healthy donors were included. When comparing the NKG2A fractions, only 3 genes (of 9382 genes included) had a significantly differential expression. Therefore, we pooled the expression data proportionally from the NKG2A+ and NKG2A- fractions in subsequent analyses. In ltNK cells, 1353 genes were differentially expressed compared to circulating NK cells. Several molecules involved in migration were downregulated in ltNK cells: S1PR1, SELPLG and CD62L. By flow cytometry we confirmed that the expression profile of adhesion molecules (CD49e-, CD29low, CD81high, CD62L-, CD11c-) and transcription factors (Eomeshigh, Tbetlow) of ltNK cells differed from their circulating counterparts. LtNK cells were characterized by enhanced expression of inhibitory receptors TIGIT and CD96 and low expression of DNAM1 and cytolytic molecules (GZMB, GZMH, GNLY). Their proliferative capacity was reduced compared to the circulating NK cells. By performing gene set enrichment analysis we identified DUSP6 and EGR2 as potential regulators of the ltNK cell transcriptome. Remarkably, comparison of the ltNK cell transcriptome to the published human spleen-resident memory CD8+ T (Trm) cell transcriptome revealed an overlapping gene signature. Moreover, the phenotypic profile of ltNK cells resembled that of CD8+ Trm cells in bone marrow. Together, we provide a comprehensive molecular framework of the conventional CD56bright and CD56dim NK cells as well as the tissue-resident ltNK cells and provide a core gene signature which might be involved in promoting tissue-residency. Overall design: mRNA sequencing of NK cell populations isolated from blood: CD56bright, NKG2A+ CD56dim and NKG2A- CD56dim, and bone marrow: CD56bright, CD56dim, NKG2A+ ltNK, and NKG2A- ltNK. Each sample has 4 biological replicates.
Publication Title
Human Bone Marrow-Resident Natural Killer Cells Have a Unique Transcriptional Profile and Resemble Resident Memory CD8<sup>+</sup> T Cells.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Subject
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 29 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Murine Genome U74A Version 2 Array (mgu74av2)
Description
Effect of the overexpression of the oncogenic form of the Vav2 protein in the NIH3T3 cell line under serum deprivation conditions. oncovav2-transformed NIH3T3 cells grown in serum-deprived medium (Vav2SD) are compared to the parental NIH3T3 controls under the same growth conditions (ContSD). Vav2SD cells are also compared to the oncovav2-transformed NIH3T3 cells growing exponentially and the NIH3T3 growing exponentially.
Publication Title
Microarray analysis of gene expression with age in individual nematodes.
Sample Metadata Fields
Cell line
View Samples- Drosophila melanogaster
- 6 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Drosophila Genome 2.0 Array (drosophila2)
Description
Drosophila males double transcription of their single X chromosome to equalize X-linked gene expression with females, which carry two X chromosomes. Increased transcription requires the Male-Specific Lethal (MSL) complex. One of the primary functions of the MSL complex is thought to be enrichment of H4Ac16 on the male X chromosome, a modification linked to elevated transcription. The roX1 and roX2 RNAs are essential but redundant components of the MSL complex. Simultaneous removal of both roX RNAs reduces MSL X-localization and leads to ectopic binding of these proteins at autosomal sites and to the chromocenter. Some H4Ac16 accumulates at these ectopic sites in roX1- roX2- males, suggesting the possibility of increased expression. The global effect of roX mutations on gene expression was measured by microarray analysis. We found that expression of the X chromosome was decreased by 26% in roX1- roX2- male larvae, supporting the involvement of roX RNAs in the up-regulation of X-linked genes. This finding is broadly comparable to reports of reduced X chromosome expression following msl2 RNAi knockdown in S2 cells. In spite of strong MSL binding and H4Ac16 accumulation at autosomal sites in roX1- roX2- males, enhanced gene expression could not be detected at these sites by microarray analysis or reverse northern blotting. Thus, failure to compensate X-linked genes, rather than inappropriate up-regulation of autosomal genes at ectopic sites of MSL binding, appears to cause male lethality upon loss of roX RNAs.
Publication Title
roX RNAs are required for increased expression of X-linked genes in Drosophila melanogaster males.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex
View Samples