This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Epigenetic response in mice mastitis: Role of histone H3 acetylation and microRNA(s) in the regulation of host inflammatory gene expression during Staphylococcus aureus infection.
Specimen part
View SamplesLangerhans dendritic cells represent abundantly occuring and evolutionary highly conserved DCs specifically located in the stratified epithelial tissues. LCs are unique among DC family members in that they express epithelial-type adhesion molecules, allowing them to form a tight three-dimensional network in basal and suprabasal epidermal keratinocyte layers and developmentally dependent on the cytokine TGF-1. In the present study, we identified BMP-7 as another key factor inducing LC differnetiation. Here we have performed comparative analysis of highly purified CD207+/CD1a+ in vitro generated Langerhans cells in the presence of BMP-7 and TGF-1. We have identified that both BMP-7-LCs and TGF-1-LCs are closely related to each other.
Identification of bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7) as an instructive factor for human epidermal Langerhans cell differentiation.
Specimen part, Treatment, Subject
View SamplesBacterial infection in the mammary gland parenchyma induces local inflammation that can lead to a multietiological complex disease called mastitis. Globally Staphylococcus aureus is the single largest mastitis pathogen and the infection can ultimately result in either subclinical or chronic and sometimes lifelong infection. In the present report we have addressed the differential inflammatory response in the mice mammary tissue during intramammary infection and the altered epigenetic context induced by two closely related strains of S. aureus. Immunohistochemical and immunoblot analysis showed strain specific hyperacetylation at histone H3K9 and H3K14 residues. Real-time PCR and genome-wide gene expression studied showed expression of a set of proinflammatory genes and cytokines in a temporal manner. Remarkably, over expression of the genes significantly correlated with the promoter specific acetylation in these residues. Furthermore, we have identified several differentially expressed known miRNAs and 4 novel miRNAs in the S. aureus infected mice mammary tissue by small RNA sequencing. By employing these gene expression data, an attempt has been made to delineate the gene regulatory networks in the strain specific inflammatory response. Apparently, one of the isolates of S. aureus activated the NFkB signaling leading to drastic inflammatory response and induction of immune surveillance, which could lead to rapid clearance of the pathogen. The other strain repressed most of the inflammatory response, which might help in its sustenance in the host tissue. Taken together, our studies shed substantial lights to understand the mechanisms of strain specific differential inflammatory response to S. aureus infection during mastitis.
Epigenetic response in mice mastitis: Role of histone H3 acetylation and microRNA(s) in the regulation of host inflammatory gene expression during Staphylococcus aureus infection.
Specimen part
View SamplesMEN1 is a tumor suppressor gene loss of which causes lipoma (fatty tumors under the skin) and many other endocrine and non-endocrine tumors. It's target genes in fat cells (adipocytes) are unknown. Gene expression in adipocytes that were in vitro differentiated from mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) of Men1-nul l(Men1-KO) and WT mice were compared to assess the expression of genes upon menin loss in adipocytes that could lead to the deveopment of lipoma.
Consequence of Menin Deficiency in Mouse Adipocytes Derived by In Vitro Differentiation.
Specimen part
View SamplesMeg3 is a long non-coding RNA. It's target genes are unknown. The mouse pancreatic beta cell line MIN6-4N was used to assess the expression of genes upon stable Meg3 overexpression
Epigenetic regulation of the lncRNA MEG3 and its target c-MET in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.
Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesGene expression profiles 6 hours post-influenza A virus infection in human monocytes at multiplicities of infection of 10 versus uninfected monocytes
Viral infection triggers rapid differentiation of human blood monocytes into dendritic cells.
Specimen part
View SamplesAccurate and reproducible quantitation of target genes depends on correct normalization. Historically, genes with variable tissue transcription e.g. GAPDH, have been used as normalization factors which is problematic, particularly in clinical samples which often are derived from different tissue sources. Using a large-scale gene database (GeneChip (Affymetrix U133A) dataset of 36 gastrointestinal tumors and normal tissues), we identified 8 candidate reference genes that were highly expressed with low variability and established expression levels by real-time RT-PCR in an independent set of GI tissue samples (n=42).
GeneChip, geNorm, and gastrointestinal tumors: novel reference genes for real-time PCR.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesCytokine signaling is transmitted by cell surface receptors which function as natural biological switches to control among others mainly immune related processes. Recently, we have designed synthetic cytokine receptors (SyCyRs) consisting of GFP- and mCherry-nanobodies fused to trans-membrane and intracellular domains of cytokine receptors, which phenocopied cytokine signaling induced by non-physiological homo- and heterodimeric GFP-mCherry ligands. Interleukin 22 signals via IL-22Rα1 and the common IL-10R2, belongs to the IL-10 cytokine family and is critically involved in tissue regeneration. IL-22 SyCyRs phenocopied native IL-22 signal transduction as shown by induction of cytokine-dependent cellular proliferation, signal transduction and transcriptome analysis. Whereas homodimeric IL-22Rα1 SyCyRs failed to activate signaling, homodimerization of the second IL-22 signaling chain, SyCyR(IL-10R2), which was considered to not induce signal transduction, lead to induction of signal transduction. Interestingly, the SyCyR(IL-10R2) and SyCyR(IL-22Rα1) were able to form functional heterodimeric receptor signaling complexes with the synthetic IL-6 receptor chain SyCyR(gp130). In summary, we demonstrated that IL-22 signaling can be phenocopied by synthetic cytokine receptors. Further we identified a novel IL-10R2 homodimeric receptor complex and receptor cross-talk with gp130.
Synthetic interleukin 22 (IL-22) signaling reveals biological activity of homodimeric IL-10 receptor 2 and functional cross-talk with the IL-6 receptor gp130.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesIntegration of multiple signals shapes cell adaptation to their microenvironment through synergistic and antagonistic interactions. The combinatorial complexity governing signal integration for multiple cellular output responses has not been resolved. For outputs measured in the conditions 0 (control), signals X, Y, X+Y, combinatorial analysis revealed 82 possible interaction profiles, which we biologically assimilated to 5 positive, and 5 negative interaction modes. To experimentally validate their use in living cells, we designed an original computational workflow, and applied it to transcriptomics data of innate immune cells integrating physiopathological signal combinations. Up to 9 of the 10 defined modes coexisted in context-dependent proportions. Each integration mode was enriched in specific molecular pathways, suggesting a coupling between genes involved in particular functions, and the corresponding mode of integration. We propose that multimodality and functional coupling are general principles underlying the systems level integration of physiopathological and pharmacological stimuli by mammalian cells.
Combinatorial code governing cellular responses to complex stimuli.
Time
View SamplesNeutrophil recruitment is pivotal to host defense against microbial infection, but also contributes to the immunopathology of disease. We investigated the mechanism of neutrophil recruitment in human infectious disease by bioinformatic pathways analysis of the gene expression profiles in the skin lesions of leprosy. In erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL), which occurs in patients with lepromatous leprosy (L-lep), and is characterized by neutrophil infiltration in lesions, the most overrepresented biologic functional group was 'cell movement' including E-selectin, which was coordinately regulated with IL-1beta. In vitro activation of TLR2, upregulated in ENL lesions, triggered induction of IL-1beta, which together with IFN-gamma, induced E-selectin expression on, and neutrophil adhesion to endothelial cells. Thalidomide, an effective treatment for ENL, inhibited this neutrophil recruitment pathway. The gene expression profile of ENL lesions comprised an integrated pathway of TLR2/FcR activation, neutrophil migration and inflammation, providing insight into mechanisms of neutrophil recruitment in human infectious disease.
Integrated pathways for neutrophil recruitment and inflammation in leprosy.
Specimen part
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