Distinctions between craniofacial and axial muscles exist from the onset of development and throughout adulthood. The masticatory muscles are a specialized group of craniofacial muscles that retain embryonic fiber properties throughout adulthood, suggesting that the developmental origin of these muscles may govern a pattern of expression that differs from limb muscles. To determine the extent of these differences, expression profiling of total RNA isolated from the masseter and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles of adult female mice was performed, which identified transcriptional changes in unanticipated functional classes of genes in addition to those associated with fiber type. In particular, the masseters displayed a reduction of transcripts associated with load-sensing and anabolic processes, and heightened expression of genes associated with stress. Consistent with these observations were a significantly smaller fiber cross-sectional area in masseters, significantly elevated load-sensing signaling (phosphorylated Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK)), and increased apoptotic index in masseters compared to TA muscles. Based on these results, we hypothesize that masticatory muscles may sense and respond to load differently than limb muscles, where the drive for anabolic processes is reduced, and cell stress mediated processes are enhanced. These results establish a novel classification for the masseter muscle in the spectrum of skeletal muscle allotypes, and may provide insight into the molecular basis for specific muscle-related pathologies associated with masticatory muscles.
Expression profiling reveals heightened apoptosis and supports fiber size economy in the murine muscles of mastication.
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View SamplesMasseter and Tibialis anterior muscles from adult female control mice to determine expression differences between muscle groups
Expression profiling reveals heightened apoptosis and supports fiber size economy in the murine muscles of mastication.
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View SamplesMalignant mesothelioma (MM) is an asbestos-related malignancy and largely unresponsive to conventional chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Novel, more effective therapeutic strategies are needed for this fatal disease. We performed microarray analysis of MM using Affymetrix Human U133 Plus 2.0 array. Aberrant expression of the genes participating in semaphorin signaling were detected in malignant mesothelioma cells. All MM cells downregulated the expression of more than one gene for SEMA3B, 3F, and 3G when compared with Met5a, a normal pleura-derived cell line. In 12 of 14 epithelioid MM cells, the expression level of SEMA3A was lower than that in Met5a. An augmented expression of VEGFA was detected in half of the MM cells. The expression ratio of VEGFA/SEMA3A was significantly higher in the epithelioid MMs than in Met5a and the non-epithelioid MMs. Next, gene expression profiling for the polycomb and trithorax group genes revealed that expression of BAP1, the catalytic subunit of the polycomb repressive deubiquitinase complex, and many trithorax group genes was downregulated in MMs compared with the expression of the same genes in Met5a cells. Perturbation of the polycombtrithorax balance plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of malignant mesothelioma.
Frequent deletion of 3p21.1 region carrying semaphorin 3G and aberrant expression of the genes participating in semaphorin signaling in the epithelioid type of malignant mesothelioma cells.
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesHepatic iron overload is a risk factor for progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), although the molecular mechanisms underlying this association have remained unclear. We now show that the iron-sensing ubiquitin ligase FBXL5 is previously unrecognized oncosuppressor in liver carcinogenesis in mice. Hepatocellular iron overload evoked by FBXL5 ablation gives rise to oxidative stress, tissue damage, inflammation and compensatory proliferation in hepatocytes and to consequent promotion of liver carcinogenesis induced by exposure to a chemical carcinogen. The tumor-promoting effect of FBXL5 deficiency in the liver is also operative in a model of virus-induced HCC. FBXL5-deficient mice thus constitute the first genetically engineered mouse model of liver carcinogenesis induced by iron overload. Dysregulation of FBXL5-mediated cellular iron homeostasis was also found to be associated with poor prognosis in human HCC, implicating FBXL5 plays a significant role in defense against hepatocarcinogenesis. Overall design: Total RNA was extracted from the nontumor and tumor tissue of an Alb-Cre/Fbxl5F/F male mouse (nontumor, n = 5; tumor, n = 5) or two littermate control Fbxl5F/F mice (nontumor, n = 6; tumor, n = 6) at 45 weeks of age.
Disruption of FBXL5-mediated cellular iron homeostasis promotes liver carcinogenesis.
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesWe found that a number of Tfh cells downmodulated BCL6 protein after their development, and we sought to compare the gene expression between BCL6-hi Tfh cells and BCL6-low Tfh cells.
Bcl6 protein expression shapes pre-germinal center B cell dynamics and follicular helper T cell heterogeneity.
Specimen part
View SamplesWe searched for roles of ZEB1 during EMT by RNA-seq in breast cancer cells. Overall design: Expression of mRNA in a basal type breast cancer cell line MDA-231-D transfected with ZEB1/ZEB2 siRNAs and stimulated with TGF-beta for 24 h.
ZEB1-regulated inflammatory phenotype in breast cancer cells.
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesAngiogenesis in cultures of rat aorta begins with neovessels sprouting from the aortic explant within the first three days of culture.
Macrophage-derived tumor necrosis factor-alpha is an early component of the molecular cascade leading to angiogenesis in response to aortic injury.
Sex, Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesTo identify individual genes with potential diagnostic and therapeutic utilities in lung cancer, we performed gene expression profiling out of a broad coverage of human transcriptome using clinical patient tissues. Six RNA samples extracted from five cancerous tissues and one normal control were subjected to Affymetrix gene array analysis using Human Exon 1.0 ST Array. Data were further processed using Expression Console and Transcriptome Analysis Console softwares. Both core-gene expression analysis and extended-gene expression analysis were performed to discover significantly regulated genes associated with lung cancer progression.
Discovery of Gene Regulation Pattern in Lung Cancer by Gene Expression Profiling Using Human Tissues.
Age
View SamplesAngiogenesis in collagen gel cultures of rat aorta begins with neovessels sprouting from the aortic explant within the first three days of culture.
Macrophage-derived tumor necrosis factor-alpha is an early component of the molecular cascade leading to angiogenesis in response to aortic injury.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesAire in medullary thymic epithelial cells plays an essential role in the negative selection through expression of broad arrays of tissue-restricted antigens.
Ectopic Aire Expression in the Thymic Cortex Reveals Inherent Properties of Aire as a Tolerogenic Factor within the Medulla.
Specimen part, Disease
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