Profound changes in cancer cell identity can alter malignant potential and therapeutic response. Loss of the pulmonary lineage specifier NKX2-1 augments the growth of KRAS-driven lung adenocarcinoma and causes pulmonary to gastric transdifferentiation. Here we show that the transcription factors FoxA1 and FoxA2 are required for initiation of mucinous NKX2-1-negative lung adenocarcinomas in the mouse and for activation of their gastric differentiation program. Foxa1/2 deletion severely impairs tumor initiation and causes a proximal shift in cellular identity, yielding tumors expressing markers of the squamocolumnar junction of the gastrointestinal tract. In contrast, stochastic loss of FoxA1/2 expression in NKX2-1-negative tumors is associated with keratinizing squamous differentiation. Using sequential in vivo recombination, we find that FoxA1/2 loss in established KRAS-driven neoplasia is sufficient for direct induction of keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas in the lung. Thus, NKX2-1, FoxA1 and FoxA2 coordinately regulate the growth and identity of lung adenocarcinoma in a context-specific manner. Overall design: Murine lung tumor cells of differing genotypes were isolated by FACS and subjected to single cell analysis using the Fluidigm C1 platform.
FoxA1 and FoxA2 drive gastric differentiation and suppress squamous identity in NKX2-1-negative lung cancer.
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesProfound changes in cancer cell identity can alter malignant potential and therapeutic response. Loss of the pulmonary lineage specifier NKX2-1 augments the growth of KRAS-driven lung adenocarcinoma and causes pulmonary to gastric transdifferentiation. Here we show that the transcription factors FoxA1 and FoxA2 are required for initiation of mucinous NKX2-1-negative lung adenocarcinomas in the mouse and for activation of their gastric differentiation program. Foxa1/2 deletion severely impairs tumor initiation and causes a proximal shift in cellular identity, yielding tumors expressing markers of the squamocolumnar junction of the gastrointestinal tract. In contrast, stochastic loss of FoxA1/2 expression in NKX2-1-negative tumors is associated with keratinizing squamous differentiation. Using sequential in vivo recombination, we find that FoxA1/2 loss in established KRAS-driven neoplasia is sufficient for direct induction of keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas in the lung. Thus, NKX2-1, FoxA1 and FoxA2 coordinately regulate the growth and identity of lung adenocarcinoma in a context-specific manner. Overall design: Murine lung tumor cells of differing genotypes were isolated by FACS and subjected to total RNA-Seq.
FoxA1 and FoxA2 drive gastric differentiation and suppress squamous identity in NKX2-1-negative lung cancer.
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesZebrafish CNS-PNET tumors were generated by activating NRAS in oligoneural precursor cells. Gene expression in the zebrafish brain tumors and normal zebrafish brain was analyzed by RNA-seq. Overall design: RNA-seq was performed on 7 zebrafish brain tumors and 8 normal brain samples on Illumina HiSeq 2000 using 50 Cycle Single-Read Sequencing v3 kit.
MEK Inhibitors Reverse Growth of Embryonal Brain Tumors Derived from Oligoneural Precursor Cells.
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View SamplesThe miR-155-dependent differences in gene expression in the HSPC compartment of FLT3-ITD mice is unknown. In this experiment, we performed RNA sequencing on FLT3-ITD and FLT3-ITD miR-155-/- mouse LKS cells. Overall design: RNA sequencing was performed on RNA extracted from Lin-, cKit+, Sca1+ cells isolated via flow cytometry from FLT3-ITD and FLT3-ITD miR-155-/- mice. 3 samples were submitted for sequencing for each experimental group. Each sample contains RNA from 3 mice, in order to get enough RNA from this rare stem cell population.
miR-155 promotes FLT3-ITD-induced myeloproliferative disease through inhibition of the interferon response.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesWe identify regulatory mechanisms that influence inflammation and metabolism during metabolic disease development. In addition to the other data represented in our paper, we performed RNA-seq to demonstrate a role for miR-146a, an anti-inflammatory miRNA, in regulating both inflammation and cellular metabolism during obesity. Overall design: Each sample represents pooled cells from three mice of the same genotype and treatment group. Samples were pooled before FACS to ensure sufficient cell numbers for sorting and RNA collection. WT or miR-146a-/- mice were treated with either high fat diet or normal chow diet for 14 weeks starting from 6 weeks of age. Mice were sacrificed and live, singlet CD45+ CD11b+ F4/80+ cells were sorted from the stromal vascular fraction of adipose tissue using FACS Aria. RNA was collected from the sorted cells via Qiazol/RNeasy Kit (Qiagen) and library preparation used Illumina TruSeq Stranded RNA Kit with Ribo-Zero Gold. RNA-seq was performed using Illumina HiSeq 50 cycle single-read sequencing version 4. Sequence alignment was performed through the University of Utah Bioinformatics Core Facility.
Anti-inflammatory microRNA-146a protects mice from diet-induced metabolic disease.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesGenetically engineered mouse models (GEMM) of cancer are powerful tools to study multiple aspects of caner biology. We developed a novel GEMM for lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) by genetically combining overexpression of Sox2 with loss of Lkb1: Rosa26LSL-Sox2-IRES-GFP;Lkb1fl/fl (SL). We compared gene expression profiles of SL lung tumors with normal mouse lung tissue, mouse lung adenocarcinoma (LADC) tumors from KrasLSL-G12D/+;Trp53fl/fl (KP), mouse LSCC tumors from Lkb1fl/fl;Ptenfl/fl (LP) model as well as Lenti-Sox2-Cre Lkb1fl/fl. Overall design: Tumors were isolated from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples by microdissection and nucleic acid isolation was performed followed by single-read or paired-end RNA sequencing.
The Lineage-Defining Transcription Factors SOX2 and NKX2-1 Determine Lung Cancer Cell Fate and Shape the Tumor Immune Microenvironment.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesTumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) can be conditioned to become “N2” pro-tumorigenic neutrophils in the tumor microenvironment. TANs have been shown to acquire N2 features and promote multiple aspects of tumor growth in mouse models of many cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer. We developed a novel mouse model for lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC): Rosa26LSL-Sox2-IRES-GFP;Nkx2-1fl/fl;Lkb1fl/fl (SNL). SNL mice develop tumors with short latency of ~3 months and SNL tumors have high neutrophil infiltration similar to other LSCC mouse models. We employed this novel model and single-cell RNA-sequencing to profile TANs in SNL lung tumors in comparison to peripheral blood neutrophils (PBNs) from tumor-bearing SNL mice. Overall design: Flow cytometry sorted neutrophils (CD45+CD11B+LY6G+) from freshly isolated SNL lung tumors or peripheral blood from tumor-bearing mice were single-cell RNA sequenced with 10X Genomics.
The Lineage-Defining Transcription Factors SOX2 and NKX2-1 Determine Lung Cancer Cell Fate and Shape the Tumor Immune Microenvironment.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesMyc expression cooperates with Rb1 and Trp53 loss in mouse lungs to generate rapid, aggressive, highly metastatic and neuroendocrine-low tumors that are similar to human variant subset of SCLC with high NEUROD1 expression. Targeted drug screening reveals that mouse and human MYC-driven SCLC are vulnerable to Aurora kinase inhibition in combination with chemotherapy in vivo. Overall design: Tumor formation is induced by infecting the conditional Rb1 fl/fl; Trp53 fl/fl, LSL-Myc (T58A) and Rb1 fl/fl; Trp53 fl/fl, p130 fl/fl GEMMs with adenoviruses with Cgrp promoter driving Cre recombinase. The tumors were macro-dissected from lungs. RNA was extracted from fresh or flash frozen tumors and subjected to single end RNA sequencing.
MYC Drives Progression of Small Cell Lung Cancer to a Variant Neuroendocrine Subtype with Vulnerability to Aurora Kinase Inhibition.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesTo compare up-regulation of genes following CpG activation, we performed microarray analysis of activated macrophages from B6 and F1(B6xMOLF) mouse strains. Cells were activated for 0, 2 and 4 hrs with 200nM of type B CpG. Levels of mRNA for many genes differened dramatically between the strains
Mannose receptor 1 mediates cellular uptake and endosomal delivery of CpG-motif containing oligodeoxynucleotides.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesThe tumor microenvironment plays a critical role in cancer progression, but the precise mechanisms by which stromal cells influence the tumor epithelium are poorly understood. The signaling adapter p62 has been implicated as a positive regulator of epithelial tumorigenesis; however, its role in the stroma is unknown. We show here that p62 levels are reduced in the stroma of several tumors. Also, orthotopic and organotypic studies demonstrate that the loss of p62 in the tumor microenvironment or stromal fibroblasts resulted in increased tumorigenesis of epithelial prostate cancer cells. The mechanism involves the regulation of cellular redox through an mTORC1/c-Myc pathway of stromal glucose and amino acid metabolism. Inhibition of the pathway by p62 deficiency results in increased stromal IL-6 production, which is required for tumor promotion in the epithelial compartment. Thus, p62 is an anti-inflammatory tumor suppressor that acts through modulation of metabolism in the tumor stroma.
Metabolic reprogramming of stromal fibroblasts through p62-mTORC1 signaling promotes inflammation and tumorigenesis.
Specimen part
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