To study characteristics of the orapharyngeal epithelia which may influence susceptibility or resistance to HIV, we performed microarray analysis of the tonsil and gingival epithelium.Tonsil epithelium has been implicated in HIV pathogenesis, but its role in oral transmission remains controversial. We performed microarray analysis of Laser Capture Microdissected tonsil and gingival epithelium. Our data revealed that genes related to immune functions such as antibody production and antigen processing were increasingly expressed in tonsil compared to the epithelium of another oro-pharyngeal site, gingival epithelium. Importantly, tonsil epithelium highly expressed genes associated with HIV entrapment and/or transmission, including the HIV co-receptor CXCR4 and the potential HIV binding molecules, FcRIII, complement receptor 2, and various complement components. This increased expression of molecules involved in viral recognition, binding and entry may favor virus-epithelium interaction in an environment with reduced innate anti-viral mechanisms. Specifically, secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor, an innate molecule with anti-HIV activity, was minimal in the tonsil epithelium, in contrast to oral mucosa. Collectively, our data suggest that increased expression of molecules associated with HIV binding and entry coupled with decreased innate anti-viral factors may render the tonsil a potential site for oral transmission.
Tonsil epithelial factors may influence oropharyngeal human immunodeficiency virus transmission.
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View SamplesGene expression analysis of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia blast cells from either control mice or Dnmt3a knockout mice carrying a Notch1 Intracellular Domain (NICD) retrovirus Overall design: Comparison of gene expression between control and Dnmt3a-KO NICD-driven T-ALL
Dnmt3a regulates T-cell development and suppresses T-ALL transformation.
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
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KSHV-encoded miRNAs target MAF to induce endothelial cell reprogramming.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesKaposi sarcoma is the most common cancer in AIDS patients and is typified by red skin lesions. The disease is caused by the KSHV virus (HHV8) and is recognisable by its distinctive red skin lesions. The lesions are KSHV-infected spindle cells, most commonly the lymphatic endothelial and blood vessel endothelial cells (LEC and BEC), plus surrounding stroma. The effects of KSHV infection of both LEC and BEC were assayed using Affymetrix hgu133plus2 chips at 72 hours post infection.
KSHV-encoded miRNAs target MAF to induce endothelial cell reprogramming.
Specimen part
View SamplesKaposi sarcoma is the most common cancer in AIDS patients and is typified by red skin lesions. The disease is caused by the KSHV virus (HHV8) and is recognisable by its distinctive red skin lesions. The lesions are KSHV-infected spindle cells, most commonly the lymphatic endothelial and blood vessel endothelial cells (LEC and BEC), plus surrounding stroma. The KSHV virus expresses multiple microRNA in a single cluster. Here we test the effects of this KSHV microRNA cluster in LEC cells using Affymetrix hgu133plus2 chips.
KSHV-encoded miRNAs target MAF to induce endothelial cell reprogramming.
Specimen part
View SamplesKaposi sarcoma is the most common cancer in AIDS patients and is typified by red skin lesions. The disease is caused by the KSHV virus (HHV8) and is recognisable by its distinctive red skin lesions. The lesions are KSHV-infected spindle cells, most commonly the lymphatic endothelial and blood vessel endothelial cells (LEC and BEC), plus surrounding stroma. The KSHV virus expresses multiple MAF-downregulating microRNA. Here we test the effects of MAF silencing by siRNA in LEC cells using Affymetrix hgu133plus2 chips.
KSHV-encoded miRNAs target MAF to induce endothelial cell reprogramming.
Specimen part
View SamplesThe hilum region of the mouse ovary, the transitional/junction area between OSE, mesothelium and tubal (oviductal) epithelium is identified as a previously unrecognized stem cell niche of the OSE. OSE cells with high ALDH1 activity have been predominantly detected in the hilum region by immunohistochemical staining.
Ovarian surface epithelium at the junction area contains a cancer-prone stem cell niche.
Age, Specimen part
View SamplesDue to heterogeneous multifocal nature of prostate cancer (PCa), there is currently a lack of biomarkers that stably distinguish it from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), predict clinical outcome and guide the choice of optimal treatment. In this study, RNA-seq analysis was applied to formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor and matched normal tissue samples collected from Russian patients with PCa and BPH. We identified 3384 genes differentially expressed (DE) (FDR < 0.05) between tumor tissue of PCa patients and adjacent normal tissue as well as both tissue types from BPH patients. Overexpression of four of the genes previously not associated with PCa (ANKRD34B, NEK5, KCNG3, and PTPRT) was validated by RT-qPCR. Furthermore, the enrichment analysis of overrepresented microRNA and transcription factor (TF) recognition sites within DE genes revealed common regulatory elements of which 13 microRNAs and 53 TFs were thus linked to PCa for the first time. Moreover, 8 of these TFs (FOXJ2, GATA6, NFE2L1, NFIL3, PRRX2, TEF, EBF2 and ZBTB18) were found to be differentially expressed in this study, making them not only candidate biomarkers of prostate cancer but also potential therapeutic targets. Overall design: Whole transcriptome profiling of tumor tissue and matched adjacent normal tissue from 15 patients with PCa and 2 with BPH.
Novel RNA biomarkers of prostate cancer revealed by RNA-seq analysis of formalin-fixed samples obtained from Russian patients.
Specimen part, Disease, Subject
View SamplesIn order to identify transcript changes in response to DEF , we used human macrophages with or without DEF treatment. In order to study the effect of iron chelation on LPS-polarized macrophage transcriptome, we exposed DEF-treated or control macrophages to short time exposure to LPS. We then performed whole-genome transcriptome sequencing by RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq). Overall design: Macrophages from 3 healthy donors were either treated with DEF (500 µM - designated as DEF) or left unstimulated (CONTROL). LPS treatment (100 ng/ml, 3 hours) was performed in cells with DEF (designated as LPS+DEF) or without (LPS). RNA-seq was performed on Illumina Hiseq 2500
Acute Iron Deprivation Reprograms Human Macrophage Metabolism and Reduces Inflammation In Vivo.
Specimen part, Treatment, Subject
View SamplesEptstein-Barr Virus, an oncogenic herpesvirus, infects and immortalizes human B cells in culture into indefinitely-proliferating LCLs. We examined the gene expression of primary B cells during the process of infection and growth transformation at the exon level to analyze early and late virus-induced changes in expression and exon usage.
An ATM/Chk2-mediated DNA damage-responsive signaling pathway suppresses Epstein-Barr virus transformation of primary human B cells.
Specimen part
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