Primary T cells were isolated from spleen of Parp-1-/- and wild-type mice by magnetic depletion of non-T cells using a MACS Pan-T Cell isolation kit, according to the manufacturer´s instruction (Mintenyi Biotec, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany). Purity was assessed by flow cytometry analysis using antibodies against CD3, CD4 and CD8 and all preparations were more than 98% pure of T cells. The cells were activated with plate-bound anti-mouse CD3 (clone 145-2C11) (5 microg/ml) in the absence or the presence of anti-mouse CD28 (clone 37.51) (5microg/ml) both from BD PharMingen (San Diego, CA) and culture for 3.5 h in RPMI 1640 medium (BioWhittaker) supplemented with 10% FCS, 2mM L-glutamine, 5x10-5 M 2-mercaptoethanol (Sigma), 2.5 microg/ml fungizone, 100 IU/ml penicillin, and 10 microg/ml streptomycin.
Transcriptional regulation by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 during T cell activation.
Age, Specimen part
View SamplesGamma tocotrienol induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells however, the molecular mechanisms are not completely understood.
Gamma-tocotrienol induced apoptosis is associated with unfolded protein response in human breast cancer cells.
Cell line
View SamplesTo determine the global transcriptome changes in mantle cell lymphoma cells following treatment with the BET bromodomain antagonist, JQ1
Synergistic activity of BET protein antagonist-based combinations in mantle cell lymphoma cells sensitive or resistant to ibrutinib.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesExtramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) refers to the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) into effector cells that occurs in compartments outside of the bone marrow. Previous studies linked pattern recognition receptor (PRR)-expressing HSCs, EMH and immune responses to microbial stimuli. However, the factors that regulate EMH and whether EMH operates in broader immune contexts remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate a previously unrecognized role for thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in promoting the population expansion of progenitor cells in the periphery and identify that TSLP-elicited progenitors differentiate into effector cells including macrophages, dendritic cells and granulocytes that contribute to TH2 cytokine responses. The frequency of circulating progenitor cells was also increased in allergic patients with a gain-of-function polymorphism in TSLP, suggesting the TSLP-EMH pathway may operate in human disease. These data identify that TSLP-induced EMH contributes to the development of allergic inflammation and indicate that EMH is a conserved mechanism of innate immunity.
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin-mediated extramedullary hematopoiesis promotes allergic inflammation.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesBromodomain extraterminal protein (BETP) inhibitors transcriptionally repress oncoproteins and NFkB target genes, which undermines the growth and survival of MCL cells. However, BETi treatment causes accumulation of BETPs, associated with reversible binding and incomplete inhibition of BRD4, which potentially compromises the activity of BETi in MCL cells. Unlike BETi, BET-PROTACs (proteolysis-targeting chimera) ARV-825 and ARV-771 (Arvinas, Inc.) recruit and utilize an E3-ubiquitin ligase to effectively degrade BETPs in MCL cells. BET-PROTACs induce more apoptosis than BETi of MCL cells, including those resistant to ibrutinib. BET-PROTAC treatment induced more perturbations in the mRNA and protein expressions than BETi, with depletion of c-Myc, CDK4, cyclin D1, and the NFkB transcriptional targets Bcl-xL, XIAP and BTK, while inducing the level of HEXIM1, NOXA and CDKN1A/p21. Treatment with ARV-771, which possesses superior pharmacological properties compared to ARV-825, inhibited the in vivo growth and induced greater survival improvement than the BETi OTX015 of immune-depleted mice engrafted with MCL cells. Co-treatment of ARV-771 with ibrutinib or the BCL2-antagonist venetoclax or CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib synergistically induced apoptosis of MCL cells. These studies highlight promising and superior pre-clinical activity of BET-PROTAC than BETi, requiring further in vivo evaluation of BET-PROTAC as a therapy for ibrutinib-sensitive or resistant MCL. Overall design: Twelve samples in biologic triplicates
BET protein proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) exerts potent lethal activity against mantle cell lymphoma cells.
Subject
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Integrative genomics identifies molecular alterations that challenge the linear model of melanoma progression.
Cell line
View SamplesThe two most common melanoma histopathologic subtypes, superficial spreading (SSM) and nodular melanoma (NM), are believed to represent sequential phases of linear progression from radial to vertical growth. Studies suggest, however, that SSM and NM are biologically distinct. We utilized an integrative genomic approach to examine the possibility that SSM and NM are the result of independent pathways characterized by unique molecular alterations. Cell lines including SSM, NM, metastatic melanoma, and melanocyte controls were evaluated for copy number changes and differential mRNA expression using single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP 6.0, Affymetrix) and gene array (U133A 2.0, Affymetrix). Data sets were integrated to identify copy number alterations that correlated with gene expression, and array results were validated using immunohistochemistry on human tissue microarrays (TMAs) and an external data set. The functional effect of genomic deletion was assessed by lentiviral overexpression. Integrative genomics revealed 8 genes in which NM/SSM-specific copy number alterations were correlated with NM/SSM differential gene expression (P<0.05, Spearmans rank). Pathways analysis of differentially expressed genes (N=114) showed enrichment for metabolic-related processes. SSM-specific genomic deletions (DIS3, MTAP, G3BP2, SEC23IP, USO1) were verified in an expanded panel of cell lines, and forced overexpression of MTAP in SSM resulted in reduced cell growth. Metabolism-related gene ALDH7A1 was verified as overexpressed in NM using human TMAs.The identification of recurrent genomic deletions in SSM not present in NM challenges the linear model of melanoma progression and supports the unique molecular classification of SSM and NM.
Integrative genomics identifies molecular alterations that challenge the linear model of melanoma progression.
Cell line
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Histone deacetylase 3 coordinates commensal-bacteria-dependent intestinal homeostasis.
Specimen part
View SamplesThe development and severity of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and other chronic inflammatory conditions can be influenced by host genetic and environmental factors, including signals derived from commensal bacteria. However, the mechanisms that integrate these diverse cues remain undefined. Here we demonstrate that intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) isolated from IBD patients exhibit decreased expression of the epigenome-modifying enzyme histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3). Further, genome-wide analyses of murine IECs that lack HDAC3 (HDAC3IEC) revealed that HDAC3 deficiency resulted in dysregulated gene expression coupled with alterations in histone acetylation. Critically, conventionally-housed HDAC3IEC mice demonstrated loss of Paneth cells, impaired IEC function and alterations in the composition of intestinal commensal bacteria. In addition, HDAC3IEC mice exhibited significantly increased susceptibility to intestinal damage and inflammation, indicating that epithelial expression of HDAC3 plays a central role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Strikingly, rederivation of HDAC3IEC mice into germ-free conditions revealed that dysregulated IEC gene expression, Paneth cell homeostasis, and intestinal barrier function were largely restored in the absence of commensal bacteria. Collectively, these data indicate that the HDAC3 is a critical factor that integrates commensal bacteria-derived signals to calibrate epithelial cell responses required to establish normal host-commensal relationships and maintain intestinal homeostasis.
Histone deacetylase 3 coordinates commensal-bacteria-dependent intestinal homeostasis.
Specimen part
View SamplesThe development and severity of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and other chronic inflammatory conditions can be influenced by host genetic and environmental factors, including signals derived from commensal bacteria. However, the mechanisms that integrate these diverse cues remain undefined. Here we demonstrate that intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) isolated from IBD patients exhibit decreased expression of the epigenome-modifying enzyme histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3). Further, genome-wide analyses of murine IECs that lack HDAC3 (HDAC3IEC) revealed that HDAC3 deficiency resulted in dysregulated gene expression coupled with alterations in histone acetylation. Critically, conventionally-housed HDAC3IEC mice demonstrated loss of Paneth cells, impaired IEC function and alterations in the composition of intestinal commensal bacteria. In addition, HDAC3IEC mice exhibited significantly increased susceptibility to intestinal damage and inflammation, indicating that epithelial expression of HDAC3 plays a central role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Strikingly, rederivation of HDAC3IEC mice into germ-free conditions revealed that dysregulated IEC gene expression, Paneth cell homeostasis, and intestinal barrier function were largely restored in the absence of commensal bacteria. Collectively, these data indicate that the HDAC3 is a critical factor that integrates commensal bacteria-derived signals to calibrate epithelial cell responses required to establish normal host-commensal relationships and maintain intestinal homeostasis.
Histone deacetylase 3 coordinates commensal-bacteria-dependent intestinal homeostasis.
Specimen part
View Samples