STN7-dependent phosphorylation of an as yet unknown thylakoid protein triggers the signaling events associated with the long-term acclimatory response (LTR). The LTR-associated signaling events regulate the expression of photosynthesis-related genes on the post-transcriptional level (nucleus), as indicated by transcript profiling in LTR mutants.
Arabidopsis STN7 kinase provides a link between short- and long-term photosynthetic acclimation.
Specimen part
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Differential roles for MBD2 and MBD3 at methylated CpG islands, active promoters and binding to exon sequences.
Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesThe heterogeneous collection of NuRD complexes can be grouped into the MBD2 or MBD3 containing complexes MBD2-NuRD and MBD3-NuRD. MBD2 is known to bind to methylated CpG sequences in vitro in contrast to MBD3. Although functional differences have been described, a direct comparison of MBD2 and MBD3 in respect to genome-wide binding and function has been lacking. Here we show when depleting cells for MBD2, the MBD2 bound genes increase their activity, whereas MBD2 plus MBD3 bound genes reduce their activity. Most strikingly, MBD3 is enriched at active promoters, whereas MBD2 is bound at methylated promoters and enriched at exon sequences of active genes. This suggests a functional connection between MBD2 binding to chromatin and splicing.
Differential roles for MBD2 and MBD3 at methylated CpG islands, active promoters and binding to exon sequences.
Cell line
View SamplesWe utilized our transgenic Fgd5-mCherry mouse to sort and RNAseq for HSCs under acute immune activation (with pIC) to reveal a complex cell cycle gene expression and an upregulated IFN I/II signature Overall design: RNAseq of bone marrow Lineage-Sca1+cKit+CD150+mCherry+ cells (1000) 24hrs after pIC was administered and control (PBS treated)
Identification of immune-activated hematopoietic stem cells.
Specimen part, Cell line, Treatment, Subject
View SamplesBipolar disorder (BD) has an estimated heritability of about 80%. Different pathways and candidate genes may contribute to the pathogenesis of BD, but definite mechanisms are yet unresolved. In a previous study, we identified the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs4500567, located in the upstream region of Tetraspanin 8 (TSPAN8), to be associated with bipolar disorder (BD).
The regulation of tetraspanin 8 gene expression-A potential new mechanism in the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder.
Cell line
View SamplesAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by molecular heterogeneity. As commonly altered genomic regions point to candidate genes involved in leukemogenesis, we used microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization and single nucleotide polymorphism profiling data of 391 AML cases to further narrow down genomic regions of interest. Targeted-resequencing of 1000 genes located in the critical regions was performed in a representative cohort of 50 AML samples comprising all major cytogenetic subgroups. We identified 120 missense/nonsense mutations as well as 60 insertions/deletions affecting 73 different genes (~3.6 tumor-specific aberrations/AML). While most of the newly identified alterations were non-recurrent, we observed a number of mutations affecting genes involved in epigenetic regulation including known candidates like TET2, TET1, DNMT3A and DNMT1, as well as mutations in the histone methyltransferases NSD1, EZH2 and MLL3. Furthermore, we found mutations in the splicing factor SFPQ and in the non-classical regulators of mRNA-processing CTCF and RAD21. These splicing-related mutations affected 10% of AML patients in a mutually exclusive manner. In conclusion, we could identify a significant enrichment of alterations in genes involved in aberrant splicing and epigenetic regulation in genomic regions commonly altered in AML, highlighting their important role in the molecular pathogenesis of AML.
Commonly altered genomic regions in acute myeloid leukemia are enriched for somatic mutations involved in chromatin remodeling and splicing.
Specimen part, Disease
View SamplesWe identified two isoforms of human MKL1 that differ in their N-terminal domains. Since MKL1 is a transcriptional coactivator of SRF and regulates many SRF target genes, we wanted to analyze if transcription is differentially regulated by the two isoforms upon stimulation of the Rho-actin-MKL1-SRF pathway.
TGF-β-induced differentiation into myofibroblasts involves specific regulation of two MKL1 isoforms.
Cell line
View SamplesMicroRNA-520f regulates EMT, as it activates CDH1 (mRNA) and E-cadherin (protein) expression, and it suppresses tumor cell invasion. We have characterized miR-520f target genes through whole genome transcriptional profiling of miRNA transfected pancreas cancer cells (PANC-1).
miRNA-520f Reverses Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition by Targeting <i>ADAM9</i> and <i>TGFBR2</i>.
Cell line, Treatment
View SamplesStudies investigating the causes of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) point to genetic as well as epigenetic mechanisms of the disease. Identification of epigenetic processes that contribute to ASD development and progression is of major importance and may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Here we identify the bromodomain and extra-terminal domain containing transcriptional regulators (BETs) as epigenetic drivers of an ASD-like disorder in mice. We found that the pharmacological suppression of the BET proteins by a novel, highly selective and brain-permeable inhibitor, I-BET858, leads to selective suppression of neuronal gene expression followed by the development of an autism-like syndrome in mice. Many of the I-BET858 affected genes have been linked to ASD in humans thus suggesting the key role of the BET-controlled gene network in ASD. Our studies also suggest that environmental factors controlling BET proteins or their target genes may contribute to the epigenetic mechanism of ASD.
Autism-like syndrome is induced by pharmacological suppression of BET proteins in young mice.
Specimen part
View SamplesAlthough a large set of data is available concerning organogenesis in animal models, information remains scarce on human organogenesis. In this work, we performed temporal mapping of human fetal pancreatic organogenesis using cell surface markers. We demonstrate that in the human fetal pancreas at 7 weeks of development, the glycoprotein 2 (GP2) marks a multipotent cell population that will differentiate either into the acinar, ductal and endocrine lineages. Development towards the acinar lineage is paralleled by a substantial increase in GP2 expression. Conversely, a subset of the multipotent GP2+ population undergoes endocrine differentiation by down-regulating GP2 and CD142 and turning on NEUROG3, an early marker of endocrine differentiation. Endocrine maturation will progress by up-regulating SUSD2 and lowering ECAD levels. Finally, we show that in vitro differentiation of pancreatic endocrine cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells mimics key in vivo events. Our work constitutes a powerful approach to more precisely define intermediate cell population during conversion of multipotent progenitors into the 3 main human pancreatic cell types (acinar, ductal and endocrine) in vivo. As such, the data pave the way to extend our understanding of the origin of mature human pancreatic cell types and how such lineage decisions are regulated.
Reconstructing human pancreatic differentiation by mapping specific cell populations during development.
Specimen part
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