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GSE2835
Homo sapiens
12 Downloadable Samples
Affymetrix Human Genome U133A Array (hgu133a)
Description
Purpose. How vitamin A contributes to the maintenance of the wet-surfaced phenotype at the ocular surface is not well understood. We sought to identify vitamin A responsive genes in ocular surface epithelia using gene microarray analysis of cultures of a human conjunctival epithelial cell line (HCjE) grown with all-trans-retinoic acid (RA). The analysis showed that the membrane-associated mucin MUC16 was induced by RA and that secretory phospholipase A2 Group IIA (sPLA2-IIA), the gene most upregulated by RA, was induced earlier. Since eicosanoids, metabolites of arachidonic acid, which is produced by sPLA2 catalysis of membrane phospholipids, have been demonstrated to affect mucin production, we sought to determine if the sPLA2 induction in HCjE cells was associated with RA induction of MUC16.
Publication Title
Effect of retinoic acid on gene expression in human conjunctival epithelium: secretory phospholipase A2 mediates retinoic acid induction of MUC16.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Drosophila melanogaster
- 76 Downloadable Samples
- Drosophila Gene 1.0 ST Array (drogene10st)
Description
This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Publication Title
Altered expression of the Cdk5 activator-like protein, Cdk5α, causes neurodegeneration, in part by accelerating the rate of aging.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View Samples- Drosophila melanogaster
- 36 Downloadable Samples
- Drosophila Gene 1.0 ST Array (drogene10st)
Description
Aging is the greatest risk factor for neurodegeneration, but the connection between the two processes remains opaque. This is in part for want of a rigorous way to define physiological age, as opposed to chronological age. Here, we develop a comprehensive metric for physiological age in Drosophila, based on genome-wide expression profiling. We applied this metric to a model of adult-onset neurodegeneration, increased or decreased expression of the activating subunit of the Cdk5 protein kinase, encoded by the gene Cdk5, the ortholog of mammalian p35. Cdk5-mediated degeneration was associated with a 27-150% acceleration of the intrinsic rate of aging, depending on the tissue and genetic manipulation. Gene ontology analysis and direct experimental tests revealed that affected age-associated processes included numerous core phenotypes of neurodegeneration, including enhanced oxidative stress and impaired proteostasis. Taken together, our results suggest that Cdk5-mediated neurodegeneration results from accelerated aging, in combination with cell-autonomous neuronal insults. These data fundamentally recast our picture of the relationship between neurodegeneration and its most prominent risk factor, natural aging.
Publication Title
Altered expression of the Cdk5 activator-like protein, Cdk5α, causes neurodegeneration, in part by accelerating the rate of aging.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View Samples- Drosophila melanogaster
- 40 Downloadable Samples
- Drosophila Gene 1.0 ST Array (drogene10st)
Description
Aging is the greatest risk factor for neurodegeneration, but the connection between the two processes remains opaque. This is in part for want of a rigorous way to define physiological age, as opposed to chronological age. Here, we develop a comprehensive metric for physiological age in Drosophila, based on genome-wide expression profiling. We applied this metric to a model of adult-onset neurodegeneration, increased or decreased expression of the activating subunit of the Cdk5 protein kinase, encoded by the gene Cdk5, the ortholog of mammalian p35. Cdk5-mediated degeneration was associated with a 27-150% acceleration of the intrinsic rate of aging, depending on the tissue and genetic manipulation. Gene ontology analysis and direct experimental tests revealed that affected age-associated processes included numerous core phenotypes of neurodegeneration, including enhanced oxidative stress and impaired proteostasis. Taken together, our results suggest that Cdk5-mediated neurodegeneration results from accelerated aging, in combination with cell-autonomous neuronal insults. These data fundamentally recast our picture of the relationship between neurodegeneration and its most prominent risk factor, natural aging.
Publication Title
Altered expression of the Cdk5 activator-like protein, Cdk5α, causes neurodegeneration, in part by accelerating the rate of aging.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 20 Downloadable Samples
Illumina HiSeq 2000
Description
Analysis of the transcriptional changes in the heart resulting from the loss of cardiac enhancers. As there remains a limited understanding of the phenotypic consequences of enhancer mutations, we examined the impact of loss of function mutations by deleting two enhancers near heart disease genes in mice. In both cases, we observed loss of target gene expression, as well as cardiac phenotypes consistent with heart disease in humans, highlighting the functional importance of enhancers for normal heart function, as well as the potential contribution of enhancer mutations to heart disease. Overall design: Hearts were dissected from wild-type and enhancer-null mice (either embryonic or adult) and processed for deep RNA-seq analysis.
Publication Title
Genome-wide compendium and functional assessment of in vivo heart enhancers.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex, Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 9 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Expression 430A Array (moe430a)
Description
Background: Beta-adrenergic receptor agonists (BA) induce skeletal muscle hypertrophy, yet specific mechanisms that lead to this effect are not well understood. The objective of this research was to identify novel genes and physiological pathways that potentially facilitate BA induced skeletal muscle growth. We chose to evaluate global changes in gene expression by utilizing the Affymetrix platform to identify gene expression changes in mouse skeletal muscle. Changes in gene expression were evaluated 24 h (1D) and 10 days (10D) after administration of the BA clenbuterol.
Publication Title
Changes in skeletal muscle gene expression following clenbuterol administration.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Sus scrofa
- 6 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Porcine Genome Array (porcine)
Description
Oocyte developmental potential is progressively obtained as females approach puberty. Therefore, oocytes derived from prepubertal females are less developmentally competent, indicated by decreased embryonic development, compared to oocytes derived from adult females.
Publication Title
Alterations in the transcriptome of porcine oocytes derived from prepubertal and cyclic females is associated with developmental potential.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 8 Downloadable Samples
- Ion Torrent Proton
Description
Subtypes of innate lymphoid cells (ILC), defined by effector function and transcription factor expression, have recently been identified. In the adult, ILC derive from common lymphoid progenitors in bone marrow, although transcriptional regulation of the developmental pathways involved remains poorly defined. TOX is required for development of lymphoid tissue inducer cells, a type of ILC3 required for lymph node organogenesis, and NK cells, a type of ILC1. We show here that production of multiple ILC lineages requires TOX, as a result of TOX-dependent development of common ILC progenitors. Comparative transcriptome analysis demonstrated failure to induce various aspects of the ILC gene program in the absence of TOX, implicating this nuclear factor as a key early determinant of ILC lineage specification. Overall design: TOX KO vs. wild tyype
Publication Title
The development of innate lymphoid cells requires TOX-dependent generation of a common innate lymphoid cell progenitor.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 14 Downloadable Samples
- IlluminaHiSeq2500
Description
It is fundamentally unknown how normal cellular processes or responses to extracellular stimuli may invoke polyadenylation and degradation of ncRNA substrates or if human disease processes exhibit defects in polyadenylation of ncRNA substrates as part of their pathogenesis. Our results demonstrate that mononuclear cells from subjects with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) exhibit pervasive increases in levels of polyadenylated ncRNAs including Y1 RNA, 18S and 28S rRNA, and U1, U2, and U4 snRNAs and these defects are unique to RRMS. Defects in expression of both Ro60 and La proteins in RRMS appear to contribute to increased polyadenylation of ncRNAs. Further, IFN-ß1b, a common RRMS therapy, restores both Ro60 and La levels to normal as well as levels of polyadenylated Y1 RNA and U1 snRNA suggesting that aberrant polyadenylation of ncRNA substrates may have pathogenic consequences. Overall design: We extracted RNA from peripheral whole blood in healthy control subjects and patients with established relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis using PaxGene tubes.
Publication Title
Defective structural RNA processing in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 12 Downloadable Samples
- IlluminaHiSeq2500
Description
To improve our understanding of lncRNA expression in T cells, we used whole genome sequencing (RNA-seq) to identify lncRNAs expressed in human T cells and those selectively expressed in T cells differentiated under TH1, TH2, or TH17 polarizing conditions. The majority of these lineage-specific lncRNAs are co-expressed with lineage-specific protein-coding genes. These lncRNAs are predominantly intragenic with co-expressed protein-coding genes and are transcribed in sense and antisense orientations with approximately equal frequencies. Further, genes encoding TH lineage specific mRNAs are not randomly distributed across the genome but are highly enriched in the genome in genomic regions also containing genes encoding TH lineage-specific lncRNAs. Our analyses also identify a cluster of antisense lncRNAs transcribed from the RAD50 locus that are selectively expressed under TH2 polarizing conditions and co-expressed with IL4, IL5 and IL13 genes. Depletion of these lncRNAs via selective siRNA treatment demonstrates the critical requirement of these lncRNAs for expression of the TH2 cytokines, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13. Collectively, our analyses identify new lncRNAs expressed in a TH lineage specific manner and identify a critical role for a cluster of lncRNAs for expression of genes encoding TH2 cytokines. Overall design: Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were cultured under TH1, TH2, and TH17 polarizing conditions. TH1, TH2, and TH17 primary and effector cultures were isolated and poly(A)+ and total RNA sequencing performed.
Publication Title
Expression and functions of long noncoding RNAs during human T helper cell differentiation.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples