LMP2A of Epstein-Barr virus is a receptor that mimics an activated B cell receptor, BCR. K1 and K15, related receptors of Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpes virus, KSHV, are expressed in virus-associated tumors but their functions are less obvious. We addressed this uncertainty with mutant EBVs encoding the KSHV genes K1 or K15 in lieu of LMP2A and infected primary human B cells with them. K1 and K15 encoded proteins appear to have noncomplementing redundant functions in this model but our findings suggest that both KSHV proteins can replace LMP2As key activities contributing to the survival, activation and proliferation of B cells.
K1 and K15 of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Are Partial Functional Homologues of Latent Membrane Protein 2A of Epstein-Barr Virus.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesThis study was performed to identify gene expression differences in not otherwise specified soft tissue sarcomas (NOS, malignant fibrous histiocytomas) and correlate them to histological findings and the clinical course. RNA was isolated and differential gene expression was analysed by the microarray technique.
Malignant fibrous histiocytoma--pleomorphic sarcoma, NOS gene expression, histology, and clinical course. A pilot study.
Sex
View SamplesGSE2240 contains two different experimental subsets:
Functional profiling of human atrial and ventricular gene expression.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesWe used microarrays to detail the global program of gene expression during early hESC differentiation to mesendoderm using FBS, with and without RUNX1 depletion.
Transient RUNX1 Expression during Early Mesendodermal Differentiation of hESCs Promotes Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition through TGFB2 Signaling.
Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesThe onset and progression of breast cancer are linked to genetic and epigenetic changes that alter the normal programming of cells. Epigenetic modifications of DNA and histones contribute to chromatin structure that results in the activation or repression of gene expression. Several epigenetic pathways have been shown to be highly deregulated in cancer cells. Targeting specific histone modifications represents a viable strategy to prevent oncogenic transformation, tumor growth or metastasis. Methylation of histone H3 lysine 4 has been extensively studied and shown to mark genes for expression; however this residue can also be acetylated and the specific function of this alteration is less well known. To define the relative roles of histone H3 methylation (H3K4me3) and acetylation (H3K4ac) in breast cancer, we determined genomic regions enriched for both marks in normal-like (MCF10A), transformed (MCF7) and metastatic (MDA-MB-231) cells using a genome-wide ChIP-Seq approach. Our data revealed a genome-wide gain of H3K4ac associated with both early and late breast cancer cell phenotypes, while gain of H3K4me3 was predominantly associated with late stage cancer cells. Enrichment of H3K4ac was overrepresented at promoters of genes associated with cancer-related phenotypic traits, such as estrogen response and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition pathways. Our findings highlight an important role for H3K4ac in predicting epigenetic changes associated with early stages of transformation. In addition, our data provide a valuable resource for understanding epigenetic signatures that correlate with known breast cancer-associated oncogenic pathways. Overall design: RNA-Seq of cell lines MCF10A, MCF7 and MDA-MB-231.
Histone H3 lysine 4 acetylation and methylation dynamics define breast cancer subtypes.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Genomic occupancy of Runx2 with global expression profiling identifies a novel dimension to control of osteoblastogenesis.
Specimen part
View SamplesOsteogenesis is a highly regulated developmental process and continues during the turnover and repair of mature bone. Runx2, the master regulator of osteoblastogenesis, directs a transcription program essential for bone formation through both genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. While individual Runx2 gene targets have been identified, further insights into the broad spectrum of Runx2 functions required for osteogenesis are needed. By performing genome-wide characterization of Runx2 binding at the three major stages of osteoblast differentiation: proliferation, matrix deposition and mineralization, we identified Runx2-dependent regulatory networks driving bone formation. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-Seq) over the course of these stages, we discovered close to 80,000 significantly enriched regions of Runx2 binding throughout the mouse genome. These binding events exhibited distinct patterns during osteogenesis, and were associated with proximal promoters as well as a large percentage of Runx2 occupancy in non-promoter regions: upstream, introns, exons, transcription termination site (TTS) regions, and intergenic regions. These peaks were partitioned into clusters that are associated with genes in complex biological processes that support bone formation. Using Affymetrix expression profiling of differentiating osteoblasts depleted of Runx2, we identified novel Runx2 targets including Ezh2, a critical epigenetic regulator; Crabp2, a retinoic acid signaling component; Adamts4 and Tnfrsf19, two remodelers of extracellular matrix. We demonstrated by luciferase assays that these novel biological targets are regulated by Runx2 occupancy at non-promoter regions. Our data establish that Runx2 interactions with chromatin across the genome reveal novel genes, pathways and transcriptional mechanisms that contribute to the regulation of osteoblastogenesis.
Genomic occupancy of Runx2 with global expression profiling identifies a novel dimension to control of osteoblastogenesis.
Specimen part
View SamplesThe goal of this study was to determine the differential expression of specific genes within the papilloma tissues themselves and to characterize the array of host genes that might be important in the pathophysiology of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis.
Immune dysregulation and tumor-associated gene changes in recurrent respiratory papillomatosis: a paired microarray analysis.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Identifying Nuclear Matrix-Attached DNA Across the Genome.
Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesWe used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression during early hESC differentiation to Mesendoderm using FBS.
Lineage-Specific Early Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells Requires a G2 Cell Cycle Pause.
Sex, Cell line, Time
View Samples