Skin is the largest organ in the body and serves important barrier, regulatory, and sensory functions. Like other tissues, skin is subject to temporal fluctuations in physiological responses under both homeostatic and stressed states. To gain insight into these fluctuations, we investigated the role of the circadian clock in the transcriptional regulation of human epidermal samples collected in a time-ordered fashion. We also determined whether this circadian patterning could be applied to unordered (i.e., randomly collected) human epidermal samples. The purpose of this study was to gain insight into the evolutionarily-conserved rhythmic patterns of the circadian transcriptome in human skin and how it relates to published transcriptomes from other human tissues.
Population-level rhythms in human skin with implications for circadian medicine.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesDifferentially expressed genes along the paraxial mesoderm of 12 somite stage zebrafish embryos are identified
Spatiotemporal compartmentalization of key physiological processes during muscle precursor differentiation.
Specimen part
View SamplesWe compared polyIC stimulated cells in the presence of either GFP or NS5 protein Overall design: A549 cells presence with GFP- or NS5-expressing plasmid using Polyjet (Signagen) according to manufacturer instructions, and 30 hours later stimulated with polyIC (Tocris) as previously described (Marazzi et al., 2012). At 12 hours post-stimulation, total cellular RNA was purified by RNeasy column (Qiagen).
Comparative Flavivirus-Host Protein Interaction Mapping Reveals Mechanisms of Dengue and Zika Virus Pathogenesis.
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesStem and progenitor cells are the critical units for tissue maintenance, regeneration, and repair. The activation of regenerative events in response to tissue injury has been correlated with mobilization of tissue-resident progenitor cells, which is functional to the wound healing process. However, until now there has been no evidence for the presence of cells with a healing capacity circulating in healthy conditions. We identified a rare cell population present in the peripheral blood of healthy mice that actively participates in tissue repair. These Circulating cells, with a Homing ability and involved in the Healing process (CH cells), were identified by an innovative flowcytometry strategy as small cells not expressing CD45 and lineage markers. Their transcriptome profile revealed that CH cells are unique and present a high expression of key pluripotency- and epiblast-associated genes. More importantly, CH-labeled cells derived from healthy Red Fluorescent Protein (RFP)-transgenic mice and systemically injected into syngeneic fractured wild-type mice migrated and engrafted in wounded tissues, ultimately differentiating into tissue-specific cells. Accordingly, the number of CH cells in the peripheral blood rapidly decreased following femoral fracture. These findings uncover the existence of constitutively circulating cells that may represent novel, accessible, and versatile effectors of therapeutic tissue regeneration.
Identification of a New Cell Population Constitutively Circulating in Healthy Conditions and Endowed with a Homing Ability Toward Injured Sites.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesThe classical concept of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC), intended as a uniform, broad potent population, is progressively being substituted by the idea that the bone marrow harbors heterogeneous populations of non-hematopoietic stem cells. This in vivo heterogeneity is also amplified by the different experimental strategies used to isolate/culture them. Among the exogenous factors described to affect MSC in vitro growth, basic-fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is one of the most common growth factors used to expand stem cells. Moreover, it has been reported that its signaling is associated with the mainteinance of stemness of a variety of stem cells, included MSC. Using an ectopic model of bone regeneration, we have previously described that the implantation of cells with different commitment levels, differentially influences the capacity to recruit host cells, activating endogenous regenerative mechanisms. Due to its properties, we here demonstrate that the addition of bFGF to primary BM cultures, leads to the selection of specific subpopulations able to induce a different host regenerative response, when in vivo implanted in association with suitable ceramic scaffolds. Moreover, taking advantage of a multiparametric and comparative genomic and proteomic approach, it has been evaluated how different culture conditions combine to bring about appreciable changes in the secretome of the cells, that consequently influence their in vivo regenerative behaviour. The full comprehension of the regulatory mechanisms that rule the host response depending on the type and differentiative stage of the transplanted cells could help us to develop novel clinical strategies where host cells could directly contribute to regenerate the appropriate tissue.
The role of bFGF on the ability of MSC to activate endogenous regenerative mechanisms in an ectopic bone formation model.
Specimen part, Disease
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Differentiation of the human PAX7-positive myogenic precursors/satellite cell lineage <i>in vitro</i>.
Specimen part
View SamplesHere, we report the generation of human induced Pluripotent Stem (iPS) cell reporter line in which a venus fluorescent protein have been introduced into the PAX7 locus. We use microarrays to compare the transcriptome of PAX7-venus+ cells after 3 weeks of myogenic differentiation to that of undifferentiated iPS
Differentiation of the human PAX7-positive myogenic precursors/satellite cell lineage <i>in vitro</i>.
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View SamplesHere, we report the generation of human induced Pluripotent Stem (iPS) cell reporter line in which a venus fluorescent protein have been introduced into the MYOGENIN (MYOG) locus. We use microarrays to compare the transcriptome of MYOG-venus+ cells after 3 weeks of myogenic differentiation to that of undifferentiated iPS
Differentiation of the human PAX7-positive myogenic precursors/satellite cell lineage <i>in vitro</i>.
Specimen part
View SamplesHere, we use microarrays to compare the transcriptome of mouse Pax7-GFP ES reporter cell line after 3 weeks of myogenic differentiation in vitro to that of undifferentiated ES
Differentiation of the human PAX7-positive myogenic precursors/satellite cell lineage <i>in vitro</i>.
Specimen part
View SamplesSmall nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) and small Cajal body-specific RNAs (scaRNAs) are non-coding RNAs involved in the maturation of other RNA molecules and generally located in the introns of host genes. It is now emerging that altered sno/scaRNAs expression may play a pathological role in cancer. This study elucidates the patterns of sno/scaRNAs expression in multiple myeloma (MM), by profiling puri?ed malignant plasma cells from 55 MMs, 8 secondary plasma cell leukemias (sPCL) and 4 normal controls. Overall, a global sno/scaRNAs down-regulation was found in MMs and at more extent in sPCLs compared to normal plasma cells. Whereas SCARNA22 resulted the only sno/scaRNA characterizing the TC4 MM, TC2 group displayed a distinct sno/scaRNA signature overexpressing members of SNORD115 and SNORD116 families located in a region finely regulated by imprinting mechanism at 15q11. However, the imprinting center resulted overall hypomethylated in MMs independently of the SNORD115 and SNORD116 expression levels. Finally, integrative analyses with available gene expression and genome-wide data revealed the occurrence of significant sno/scaRNAs/host genes co-expression and the putative influence of allelic imbalances on specific snoRNAs expression. Our data extend the current view of sno/scaRNAs deregulation in cancer and add novel information into the bio-molecular complexity of plasma cell dyscrasias.
The expression pattern of small nucleolar and small Cajal body-specific RNAs characterizes distinct molecular subtypes of multiple myeloma.
Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage
View Samples