Current prophylactic and therapeutic strategies targeting human influenza viruses include vaccines and antivirals. Given variable rates of vaccine efficacy and antiviral resistance, alternative strategies are urgently required to improve disease outcomes. Here we describe the use of HiSeq deep sequencing to analyze host gene expression in primary human alveolar epithelial type II (ATII) cells infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus. We employed primary human ATII cells isolated from normal human lung tissue donated by patients that underwent lung resection. Human host gene expression following HPAI H5N1 virus (A/Chicken/Vietnam/0008/04) infection of primary ATII cells was analyzed using Illumina HiSeq deep sequencing. Overall design: Human non-tumor lung tissue samples were donated by three anonymous patients undergoing lung resection at Geelong Hospital, Barwon Health, Australia. The research protocols and human ethics were approved by the Human Ethics Committees of Deakin University, Barwon Health and the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO). An informed consent was obtained from all tissue donors. All research were performed in accordance with the guidelines stated in the National Statement on Ethical Conduct in Human Research (2007). The sampling of normal lung tissue was confirmed by the Victorian Cancer Biobank, Australia.
Deep sequencing of primary human lung epithelial cells challenged with H5N1 influenza virus reveals a proviral role for CEACAM1.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesExploring the novel role of RORC (RORgamma) in breast cancer, utilizing NEXTseq with genetic gain and loss of function and pharmacological treatment. Overall design: For loss of function, control-siRNA or RORC-siRNA was transfected for 48h in three cell lines (MCF-7, T-47D and MDA-MB-231). For gain of function, CMV-empty or CMV-RORC was transfected for 48h in MDA-MB-231 cells. Furthermore, the selective RORC antagonist, SR2211 was utilized. MCF-7 cells were treated either DMSO or SR2211 (5uM) for 24h. Total RNA was extracted with the RNeasy kit. NEXTseq was performed for transcriptome analysis.
The Nuclear Receptor, RORγ, Regulates Pathways Necessary for Breast Cancer Metastasis.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesIn murine models, we find that irradiation of Paneth cells caused a gain of a stem cell-like transcriptome and induced activation of the Notch signaling pathway. This study documents plasticity by Paneth cells, a fully committed cell population to participate in epithelial replenishment following stem cell loss. Overall design: Single-cell dissociation was carried out as previously described (Li et al., 2016; Sato et al., 2011). Cell pellets were washed with cold PBS and re-suspended in FACS buffer. Cells were stained with DAPI, PerCP/Cy5.5-conjugated EpCAM, BUV395-conjugated CD45, and APC/fire 750-conjugated CD24. Cell suspensions were subjected to sorting by BD Biosciences Aria II Flow Cytometer. Single viable intestinal epithelial cells were gated by forward scatter, side scatter, and by negative staining for DAPI and CD45, and positive staining for EpCAM. Subpopulations were further gated based on CD24 and tdTomato (using R-phycoerythrin/PE channel). Paneth cells (tdT+CD24+) and derivative (tdT+CD24-) cells were FACS-sorted from irradiated (5 days after radiation) and non-irradiated 8-14 week old Lyz1CreER; R26R-tdT mice with one dose of tamoxifen adminstration (10mg/mouse), and subjected to total RNA extraction using Qiagen RNeasy Plus Micro kit.
Paneth Cell Multipotency Induced by Notch Activation following Injury.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesThe earliest stages of Huntington’s disease are marked by changes in gene expression that are caused in an indirect and poorly understood manner by polyglutamine expansions in the huntingtin protein (HTT). To explore the hypothesis DNA methylation may be altered in cells expressing mutated HTT, we use reduced-representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) to map sites of DNA methylation in cells carrying either wild-type or mutant HTT. We find that a large fraction of the genes that change in expression in the presence of mutant huntingtin demonstrate significant changes in DNA methylation. Regions with low CpG content, which have previously been shown to undergo methylation changes in response to neuronal activity, are disproportionately affected. Based on the sequence of regions that change in methylation, we identify AP-1 and SOX2 as transcriptional regulators associated with DNA methylation changes, and we confirm these hypotheses using genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP-Seq). Our findings suggest new mechanisms for the effects of polyglutamine-expanded HTT. These results also raise important questions about the potential effects of changes in DNA methylation on neurogenesis and at later stages, cognitive decline in Huntington’s patients. Overall design: mRNA-seq in STHdhQ7/Q7 and STHdhQ111/Q111 cells
Extensive changes in DNA methylation are associated with expression of mutant huntingtin.
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
In vivo genome-wide analysis of multiple tissues identifies gene regulatory networks, novel functions and downstream regulatory genes for Bapx1 and its co-regulation with Sox9 in the mammalian vertebral column.
Specimen part
View SamplesDiet-induced obesity (DIO) predisposes individuals to insulin resistance, and adipose tissue has a major role in the disease. Insulin resistance can be induced in cultured adipocytes by a variety of treatments, but what aspects of the in vivo responses are captured by these models remains unknown. We use global RNA sequencing to investigate changes induced by TNF-a, hypoxia, dexamethasone, high insulin, and a combination of TNF-a and hypoxia, comparing the results to the changes in white adipose tissue from DIO mice. We found that different in vitro models capture distinct features of DIO adipose insulin resistance, and a combined treatment of TNF-a and hypoxia is most able to mimic the in vivo changes. Using genome-wide DNase I hypersensitivity followed by sequencing, we further examined the transcriptional regulation of TNF-a-induced insulin resistance, and we found that C/EPBß key regulator of adipose insulin resistance. Overall design: RNA-seq for 6 insulin resistance conditions and 2 control conditions, Dnase hypersensitivity-seq of 4 conditions and 1 control condition, ChIP-seq on p65 after TNFa treatment.
Analysis of in vitro insulin-resistance models and their physiological relevance to in vivo diet-induced adipose insulin resistance.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesRNA-Seq performed on Dicer KO and WT murine mesenchymal stem cells from total RNA MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulates development and disease but induce only moderate repression of directs mRNA targets, suggesting that they coordinate with other modes ofs cellular regulation to effect large changes in gene expression. Ins this work we decouple direct effects of global miRNA loss froms transcriptional changes downstream in a pair of isogenic murines fibroblast cell lines with and without Dicer expression. Wes demonstrate how effects on direct miRNA targets are amplified bys transcription machinery through the construction of a network models that identifies specific transcription factors that cause changes ins mRNA expression upon Dicer loss. Through transcription factors over-expression, we delineate miRNA-mediated transcriptional programss and identify miRNA-mediated coherent and incoherent feed-forwards loops, suggesting a functional role of the interaction between miRNAss and transcription factors. In total, our results indicate thats miRNAs tightly control transcription factors within a denses interconnected network to modulate gene expression. Overall design: Total RNA was analyzed from adult mesenchymal stem cells (immortalized monoclonal lines of murine MSCs) with and without Dicer (WT: Dicer f/f, KO: Dicer -/-), as well as from WT cells transfected with an empty vector or a vector containing Tead4, Sox9 or Pbx3 transcripts.
Elucidating MicroRNA Regulatory Networks Using Transcriptional, Post-transcriptional, and Histone Modification Measurements.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a lethal disease and early death usually occurs as a result of local invasion and regional lymph node metastases. We used microarrays to identify down or upregulated genes in OSCCs compared with non-malignant controls.
Upregulation of Eps8 in oral squamous cell carcinoma promotes cell migration and invasion through integrin-dependent Rac1 activation.
Disease, Disease stage, Cell line
View SamplesThis study aims to look at gene expresion profiles between wildtype and Sox9 knockout cells of the vertebral column in a E12.5 mouse embryo. Instead of looking at the whole vertebral column, only cells expressing Sox9 were sorted by Fluroscent Activated Cell Sorting (FACS) and subjected to expression profiling by microarray.
In vivo genome-wide analysis of multiple tissues identifies gene regulatory networks, novel functions and downstream regulatory genes for Bapx1 and its co-regulation with Sox9 in the mammalian vertebral column.
Specimen part
View SamplesThis study aims to look at gene expresion profiles between wildtype and Bapx1 knockout cells of the hindlimbs in a E12.5 mouse embryo. Instead of looking at the whole hindlimbs,only cells expressing Bapx1 were sorted by Fluroscent Activated Cell Sorting (FACS) and subjected to expression profiling by microarray.
In vivo genome-wide analysis of multiple tissues identifies gene regulatory networks, novel functions and downstream regulatory genes for Bapx1 and its co-regulation with Sox9 in the mammalian vertebral column.
Specimen part
View Samples