The two vertebrate Gsk-3 isoforms, Gsk-3a and Gsk-3b, are encoded by distinct genetic loci and exhibit mostly redundant function in murine embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Here we report that deletion of both Gsk-3a and Gsk-3b in mouse ESCs results in misregulated expression of imprinted genes and hypomethylation of corresponding imprinted loci. Treatment of wild-type ESCs with small molecule inhibitors of Gsk-3 phenocopies the DNA hypomethylation of imprinted loci observed in Gsk-3 null ESCs. We provide evidence that DNA hypomethylation in Gsk-3 null ESCs is due to a reduction in the levels of the de novo DNA methyltransferase, Dnmt3a2.
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling via glycogen synthase kinase-3 (Gsk-3) regulates DNA methylation of imprinted loci.
Specimen part
View SamplesA/J mice are genetically predisposed to spontaneous and/or chemically-induced lung tumors while C57BL/6J (B6) mice are resistant. This genetic disparity provides a unique scenario to identify molecular mechanisms associated with the lung response to welding fume at the transcriptome level.
Response of the mouse lung transcriptome to welding fume: effects of stainless and mild steel fumes on lung gene expression in A/J and C57BL/6J mice.
Treatment
View SamplesPurpose: We applied cDNA molecule counting using unique molecular identifiers combined with high-throughput sequencing to study the transcriptome of individual mouse embryonic stem cells, with spike-in controls to monitor technical performance. We further examined transcriptional noise in the embryonic stem cells. Overall design: One 96-well plate of single-stranded cDNA libraries generated from 96 single R1 mouse embryonic stem cells sequenced on two lanes, and one 96-well plate of the same libraries further amplified by 9 PCR cycles sequenced on one lane.
Quantitative single-cell RNA-seq with unique molecular identifiers.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesWe obtained full transcriptome data from single cortical neurons after whole-cell patch-clamp recording (termed “Patch-seq”). By applying “Patch-seq” to cortical neurons, we reveal a close link between biophysical membrane properties and genes coding for neurotransmitter receptors and channels, including well-established and hitherto undescribed subtypes. Overall design: RNA sequencing was performed on a total of 83 individual cells
Integration of electrophysiological recordings with single-cell RNA-seq data identifies neuronal subtypes.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesMicroRNAs (miRs) function primarily as post-transcriptional negative regulators of gene expression through binding to their mRNA targets. Reliable prediction of a miRs targets is a considerable bioinformatic challenge of great importance for inferring the miRs function. Sequence-based prediction algorithms have high false-positive rates, are not in agreement, and are not biological context specific. Here we introduce CoSMic (Context-Specific MicroRNA analysis), an algorithm that combines sequence-based prediction with miR and mRNA expression data. CoSMic differs from existing methodsit identifies miRs that play active roles in the specific biological system of interest and predicts with less false positives their functional targets. We applied CoSMic to search for miRs that regulate the migratory response of human mammary cells to epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulation. Several such miRs, whose putative targets were significantly enriched by migration processes were identified. We tested three of these miRs experimentally, and showed that they indeed affected the migratory phenotype; we also tested three negative controls. In comparison to other algorithms CoSMic indeed filters out false positives and allows improved identification of context-specific targets. CoSMic can greatly facilitate miR research in general and, in particular, advance our understanding of individual miRs function in a specific context.
Context-specific microRNA analysis: identification of functional microRNAs and their mRNA targets.
Cell line
View SamplesDerivation and expansion of human umbilical cord blood-derived endothelial colony forming cells under serum-free conditions - a transcriptome analysis.
Optimization of the culturing conditions of human umbilical cord blood-derived endothelial colony-forming cells under xeno-free conditions applying a transcriptomic approach.
Specimen part
View SamplesThe transition from progenitor to differentiated cells is critical for successful organogenesis; subtle alterations in this process can lead to developmental disorders. The anterior heart field (AHF) encompasses a niche in which cardiac progenitors maintain their multipotent and undifferentiated nature by signals from the surrounding tissues, which thus far have been poorly defined. Using systems biology approaches and perturbations of signaling molecules in chick embryos, we revealed a tight crosstalk between the bone morphogenic protein (BMP) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling pathways within the AHF: BMP4 promotes myofibrillar gene expression and cardiomyocyte contractions, by blocking FGF signaling. Furthermore, inhibition of the FGF-ERK pathway is both sufficient and necessary for these processes, suggesting that FGF signaling blocks premature differentiation of cardiac progenitors in the AHF. Investigating the molecular mechanisms downstream to BMP signaling revealed that BMP4 induced a set of neural crest-related genes; including MSX1, which was sufficient to induce cardiomyocyte differentiation. We suggest that BMP and FGF signaling pathways act via inter- and intra-regulatory loops in multiple tissues, to coordinate the balance between proliferation and differentiation of cardiac progenitors.
BMP-mediated inhibition of FGF signaling promotes cardiomyocyte differentiation of anterior heart field progenitors.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesPurpose: The goals of this study are to compare transcriptome profiling (RNA-seq) resulting from the knockout of Hira in undifferentiated mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) and in day 15 differentiated cardiomyocytes.Methods: RNA extraction was done in duplicate from WT and Hira-null mESCs at day0 and day15 using TRIzol reagent. RNAseq was done onIllumina Nextseq500 and processed by the ICH genomics facility, reads were aligned and normalised using BOWTIE and DEseq R2 package. Gene lists were filtered using adjusted p-value = 0.05 and absolute fold change = 2. Results:We identified 1680 transcripts changed in the absence of HIRA in day 15 differentiated cardiomyocytes. GO term cardiovascular system development was the most downregulated gene set(p-value = 0.01 and FDR =0.1. Conclusion: this study analysis the role of HIRA in early cardiac mesoderm development usinf an invitro mESCs model. Overall design: mRNA profile of WT(control) and Hira-null (KO) undifferentiated mESCs and mESCs- derived cardiomyocytes at day15 were generated by deep sequencing in duplicates using Illumina Nextseq 500 platform.
HIRA directly targets the enhancers of selected cardiac transcription factors during in vitro differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells.
Cell line, Subject
View SamplesOocyte quality is a well- established determinant of embryonic fate. However, the molecular participants and biological markers that affect and predict adequate embryonic development are largely elusive. We have previously reported that oocyte- directed Connexin 43 (Cx43) depletion leads to embryo implantation defects, although both the morphology of the oocyte and processes presiding embryo implantation appear to undergo normally. In the context of previous data determining Cx43 indispensability to oocyte and embryonic development, we show here that the timing of Cx43 depletion from the oocyte and the ovarian follicle is crucial in determining the severity of subsequent embryonic defects. Specifically, we show that the implantation defects of blastocysts resulting from oocyte- directed Cx43- depleted follicles (depletion occurs at day 3 postnatal), is not due to maternal luteal insufficiency but rather depends solely on the defective blastocysts. Gene expression microarray analysis revealed global defects in the expression of ribosomal proteins, translation initiation factors and other genes associated with cellular biosynthetic and metabolic processes in these defective oocytes and specifically blastocysts. We therefore propose that timely expression of Cx43 in the oocyte and ovarian follicles is a major determinant of oocyte developmental competence, by determining the ability of the resulting blastocyst to facilitate biomass expansion and undergo adequate embryo implantation
Blastocyst implantation failure relates to impaired translational machinery gene expression.
Specimen part
View SamplesA549 cells were grown at air liquid interphase (ALI) and exposed to airborne formaldehyde for three days. An exposure platform was developed for this purpose, which provided the volatile analyte in a humidified atmosphere. The platform was composed of a reference and an exposure chamber.
Cellular reactions to long-term volatile organic compound (VOC) exposures.
Cell line
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