FCRL4 is an immunoregulatory receptor that belongs to the Fc receptor-like (FCRL) family. In healthy individuals, this protein is specifically expressed by memory B cells (MBCs) and is preferentially localized in subephitelial regions of lymphoid tissues. An expansion of FCRL4+ B cells has been shown in blood or other tissues in various infectious or autoimmune pathologies. In the present work, we generated and characterized in vitro FCRL4+ B cells from purified MBCs using T-dependent and/or T-independent stimulation. FCRL4+ B cells account for 17% of cells generated at day-4 of culture. Transcriptomic and phenotypic analysis of FCRL4+ cells show that they are closely related to FCRL4+ tonsillar MBCs. Interestingly, these cells highly express inhibitory receptors genes as described for exhausted FCRL4+ MBCs in the blood of HIV-viremic individuals. In agreement, in vitro generated FCRL4+ B cells show a significant underexpression of cell cycle genes with a two fold weaker number of cell division compared to FCRL4- cells. Finally, resulting from their reduced proliferation and differentiation potential, we show that FCRL4+ cells are not prone to generate plasma cells, contrary to FCRL4- cells. Given the difficulty to access to in vivo FCRL4+ cells, our in vitro model could be of major interest to study the biology of normal and pathological FCRL4+ cells.
Characterization of human FCRL4-positive B cells.
Specimen part
View SamplesFunctional analyses of MADS-box transcription factors in plants have unraveled their role in major developmental programs (e.g; flowering and floral organ identity), in stress-related developmental processes such as abscission, fruit ripening and senescence and the role of some of them in stress response regulation was reported. The aim of this study was to decipher the genes that are under the control of the OsMADS26 transcription factor in rice in standard or osmotic stress condition.
OsMADS26 Negatively Regulates Resistance to Pathogens and Drought Tolerance in Rice.
Age, Specimen part
View SamplesLateral Organ Boundary Domain (LBD) transcription factors are specific of plants and are involved in the control of development. One LBD clade is related to the control of root development (Coudert et al., 2013, Mol. Biol. Evol. 30, 569-572). Belonging to this clade, CROWN ROOT LESS 1 controls the initiation of crown roots in rice (Inukai Plant Cell, 17, 1387-1396, Liu et al., 2005, Plant J., 43, 47-56). The aim of this study was to identify the genes that are regulated by CRL1.
Identification of CROWN ROOTLESS1-regulated genes in rice reveals specific and conserved elements of postembryonic root formation.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesLateral Organ Boundary Domain (LBD) transcription factors are specific of plants and are involved in the control of development. One LBD clade is related to the control of root development (Coudert et al., 2013, Mol. Biol. Evol. 30, 569-572). Belonging to this clade, CROWN ROOT LESS 1 controls the initiation of crown roots in rice and its expression is induced by auxin (Inukai Plant Cell, 17, 1387-1396, Liu et al., 2005, Plant J., 43, 47-56). The aim of this study was to identify CRL1-dependant auxin responsive genes.
No associated publication
Specimen part, Treatment, Time
View SamplesExpression data from rice crownrootless1 mutant and corresponding WT stem bases
Transcript profiling of crown rootless1 mutant stem base reveals new elements associated with crown root development in rice.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesCrown roots differentiate from stem base in rice. In this study, we followed gene expression in stem base of two Vietnamese indica rice varieties that belong to two haplotypes defining a QTL associated with crown root number.
No associated publication
Age, Specimen part
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
No associated publication
Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesFormation of blood vessels requires the concerted regulation of an unknown number of genes in a spatial-, time- and dosage-dependent manner. We investigated vascular development in vivo by determining global gene regulation throughout the formation of the chick chorio-allantoic membrane (CAM). Our study provides a comprehensive molecular map of vascular maturation during developmental angiogenesis and might thus be a valuable resource to streamline further research of candidates susceptible to mediate pathological angiogenesis.
Correlating global gene regulation to angiogenesis in the developing chick extra-embryonic vascular system.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesPluripotent stem cells have the potential to differentiate in vitro in many, if not all, functional cell types. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) have recently emerged as a reproducible model of pluripotent stem cells that can be generated from post-natal tissues. To understand this process at the transcriptome level, we generated iPS cell lines, partially reprogrammed cell lines and compared their transcriptome with that of the partental human foreskin fibroblasts and human embryonic stem cell lines.
No associated publication
Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesThe first week of human pre-embryo development is characterized by the induction of totipotency and then pluripotency. The understanding of this delicate process will have far reaching implication for in vitro fertilization and regenerative medicine. Human mature MII oocytes and embryonic stem (ES) cells are both able to achieve the feat of cell reprogramming towards pluripotency, either by somatic cell nuclear transfer or by cell fusion, respectively. Comparison of the transcriptome of these two cell types may highlight genes that are involved in pluripotency initiation. Therefore, based on a microarray compendium of 205 samples, produced in our laboratory or from public databases, we compared the gene expression profile of mature MII oocytes and human ES cells (hESC) to that of somatic tissues. We identified a common oocyte/hESC gene expression profile, which included a strong cell cycle signature, a large chromatin remodelling network (TOP2A, DNMT3B, JARID2, SMARCA5, CBX1, CBX5) and 18 different zinc finger transcription factors, including ZNF84. Strikingly, a large set of genes was found to code for proteins involved in the ubiquitination and proteasome pathway. Upon hESC differentiation into embryoid bodies, the transcription of this pathway declines. In vitro, we observed a selective sensitivity of hESC to the inhibition of the activity of the proteasome, resulting in loss of pluripotency and cell growth at doses without any detectable effects on differentiated cells. Taken together, these results suggest that the proteasome pathway may play a role in initiating and maintaining pluripotency during early development and in hESC.
A gene expression signature shared by human mature oocytes and embryonic stem cells.
No sample metadata fields
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