Massively parallel sequencing of human urinary exosome/microvesicle RNA reveals a predominance of non-coding RNA
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Sex, Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesHuman rhinovirus and influenza virus infections of the upper airway lead to colds and the flu and can trigger exacerbations of lower airway diseases including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Despite modest advances in the diagnosis and treatment of infections by these viruses, novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets are still needed to differentiate between the cold and the flu, since the clinical course of influenza can be severe while that of rhinovirus is usually more mild.
A systems approach to understanding human rhinovirus and influenza virus infection.
Time
View SamplesAssessment of mRNA expression levels in fat biopsies from subcutaneous adipose tissue from unrelated individuals.
A systems genetics approach implicates USF1, FADS3, and other causal candidate genes for familial combined hyperlipidemia.
Specimen part
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Systems biology of interstitial lung diseases: integration of mRNA and microRNA expression changes.
Specimen part, Disease
View SamplesAssessment of mRNA expression levels in fat biopsies from subcutaneous adipose tissue from unrelated individuals.
Galanin preproprotein is associated with elevated plasma triglycerides.
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View SamplesPancreatic islet transplantation as a cure for type 1 diabetes (T1D) cannot be scaled up due to a scarcity of human pancreas donors. In vitro expansion of beta cells from mature human pancreatic islets provides an alternative source of insulin-producing cells. The exact nature of the expanded cells produced by diverse expansion protocols, and their potential for differentiation into functional beta cells, remain elusive. We performed a large-scale meta-analysis of gene expression in human pancreatic islet cells, which were processed using three different previously described protocols for expansion and attempted re-differentiation. All three expansion protocols induced dramatic changes in the expression profiles of pancreatic islets; many of these changes are shared among the three protocols. Attempts at re-differentiation of expanded cells induce a limited number of gene expression changes. Nevertheless, these fail to restore a pancreatic islet-like gene expression pattern. Comparison with a collection of public microarray datasets confirmed that expanded cells are highly comparable to mesenchymal stem cells. Genes induced in expanded cells are also enriched for targets of transcription factors important for pluripotency induction. The present data increases our understanding of the active pathways in expanded and re-differentiated islets. Knowledge of the mesenchymal stem cell potential may help development of drug therapeutics to restore beta cell mass in T1D patients.
Meta-analysis of gene expression in human pancreatic islets after in vitro expansion.
Specimen part
View SamplesThe mechanisms and molecular pathways underlying interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are poorly understood. Systems biology approaches were used to identify perturbed networks in these disease states to gain a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of disease. Through profiling genes and miRNAs, we found subsets of genes and miRNAs that distinguish different disease stages, ILDs from controls, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) from non-specific interstitial pneumonitis (NSIP). Traditional pathway analysis revealed several disease-associated modules involving genes from the TGF-beta, Wnt, focal adhesion and smooth muscle actin pathways that may be involved in advancing fibrosis.
Systems biology of interstitial lung diseases: integration of mRNA and microRNA expression changes.
Specimen part, Disease
View SamplesThe innate immune system is a two-edged sword; it is absolutely required for host defense against infection, but if left uncontrolled can trigger a plethora of inflammatory diseases. Here we used systems biology approaches to predict and validate a gene regulatory network involving a dynamic interplay between the transcription factors NF-B, C/EBP, and ATF3 that controls inflammatory responses. We mathematically modeled transcriptional regulation of Il6 and Cebpd genes and experimentally validated the prediction that the combination of an initiator (NF-B), an amplifier (C/EBP) and an attenuator (ATF3) forms a regulatory circuit that discriminates between transient and persistent Toll-like receptor 4-induced signals. Our results suggest a mechanism that enables the innate immune system to detect the duration of infection and to respond appropriately.
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Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Evolutionary etiology of high-grade astrocytomas.
Sex, Time
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