Identification and evaluation of specific molecular markers is of great importance for reliable diagnostics and outcome prediction of renal neoplasms
High-resolution DNA copy number and gene expression analyses distinguish chromophobe renal cell carcinomas and renal oncocytomas.
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View SamplesMicroarray expression profiling approach was used to identify age-related mRNA markers.
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Age, Specimen part
View SamplesEnd stage renal disease (ESRD) is associated with hyperplastic-cystic remodelling of the kidneys (ARCD) and increased rate of kidney tumours. Using the Affymetrix oligoarray, we have established the gene expression signature of ESRD/ARCD kidneys and compared to those of normal kidneys and of distinct types of renal tumours.
Gene expression profiling of chromophobe renal cell carcinomas and renal oncocytomas by Affymetrix GeneChip using pooled and individual tumours.
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View SamplesIn order to understand the molecular mechanism behind Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia (VIN), we have analyzed the gene expression profile of VIN lesions in comparison to controls.
HPV related VIN: highly proliferative and diminished responsiveness to extracellular signals.
Sex
View SamplesPheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGL) are rare neuroendocrine, usually benign tumors. Currently, for these neoplasms the only reliable criterion of malignancy is the presence of metastases. The aim of the present study was to identify molecular markers that can distinguish malignant from benign PPGL. An mRNA expression array was performed on 40 benign and 11 malignant PPGL. Genes showing a significantly different expression between benign and malignant PPGL with a ratio ? 4 were selected. Differentially expressed genes were confirmed by qRT-PCR and subsequently tested in an independent validation series (4 benign and 4 malignant) by qRT-PCR. Finally, immunohistochemistry was performed for the validated genes on Tissue Micro Arrays, which included 100 PPGL (87 benign and 13 malignant). Ten genes, which were significantly differentially expressed between benign and malignant tumors (False Discovery Rates <0.05), were selected from the mRNA expression array data. Differential expression of Interleukin 13 Receptor Alpha 2 and Contactin 4 was confirmed (p<0.05) and validated by qRT-PCR. However, at the protein level, only Contactin 4 appeared to be significantly overexpressed in malignant tumors (58% in malignant versus 17% in benign; p<0.05). No difference in the immunohistochemical staining for Interleukin 13 Receptor Alpha 2 was observed between benign and malignant PPGL. Contactin 4 expression appears to be associated with malignancy in pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas, and may be predictive of malignant behavior.
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Specimen part
View SamplesBrain metastasis is one of the most feared complications of cancer and the most common intracranial malignancy in adults. Its underlying mechanisms remain unknown. From breast cancer patients with metastatic disease we isolated cell populations that aggressively colonize the brain. Transcriptomic analysis of these cells yielded overlapping gene sets whose expression is selectively associated with brain metastasis. The expression of seventeen of these genes in primary breast tumors is associated with brain relapse in breast cancer patients. Some of these genes are also associated with metastasis to lung but not to liver, bone or lymph nodes, providing a molecular basis for the long-observed link between brain and lung metastasis. Among the functionally validated brain metastasis genes, the cyclooxigenase COX-2, the EGFR ligand HB-EGF, and the brain-specific 2-6 sialyltransferase ST6GALNAC5 mediate cancer cell passage through the blood-brain barrier. Other brain metastasis genes encode inflammatory factors and brain-specific proteolytic regulators, suggesting a multifaceted program for breast cancer colonization of the brain.
Genes that mediate breast cancer metastasis to the brain.
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View SamplesIn mice and other mammals the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) within the brain, synchronises daily rhythms in metabolism, physiology and behaviour to the Earth's local time. Whilst much is known about the SCN's time keeping mechanism, less is known about how it adjusts or resets timing to changes in local time beyond the induction of CRE regulated genes and the differential response of dorsal and ventral sub-regions of the SCN after light exposure known to advance rhythms.
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Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesThyroid hormone is crucial for normal brain development. Thyroid hormone transporters control thyroid hormone homeostatis in brain. Mutations in the thyroid hormone transporter MCT8 result in a complex endocrine and neurological phenotype.
Transcriptional profiling of fibroblasts from patients with mutations in MCT8 and comparative analysis with the human brain transcriptome.
Specimen part
View SamplesDuring B cell development the precursor B cell receptor (pre-BCR) checkpoint is thought to increase immunoglobulin k light chain (Igk) locus accessibility to the V(D)J recombinase. Accordingly, pre-B cells lacking the pre-BCR signaling molecules Btk or Slp65 showed reduced germline Vk transcription. To investigate whether pre-BCR signaling modulates Vk accessibility through enhancer-mediated Igk locus topology, we performed chromosome conformation capture and sequencing analyses. These revealed that already in pro-B cells the k enhancers robustly interact with the ~3.2 Mb Vk region and its flanking sequences. Analyses in wild-type, Btk and Slp65 single and double-deficient pre-B cells demonstrated that pre-BCR signaling reduces interactions of both enhancers with Igk locus flanking sequences and increases interactions of the 3k enhancer with Vk genes. Remarkably, pre-BCR signaling does not significantly affect interactions between the intronic enhancer and Vk genes, which are already robust in pro-B cells. Both enhancers interact most frequently with highly used Vk genes, which are often marked by transcription factor E2a. We conclude that the k enhancers interact with the Vk region already in pro-B cells and that pre-BCR signaling induces accessibility through a functional redistribution of long-range chromatin interactions within the Vk region, whereby the two enhancers play distinct roles.
Pre-B cell receptor signaling induces immunoglobulin κ locus accessibility by functional redistribution of enhancer-mediated chromatin interactions.
Specimen part
View SamplesNIH3T3 cells were irradiated with 8Jm-2 UVC using a Philips TUV germicidal lamp and 4 hours later total RNA was isolated.
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Cell line
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