The FAR1 gene encodes a large protein, whose major function is inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase complexes involved in the G1/S transition. It has been proposed that Far1, together with the G1 cyclin Cln3, may be part of a cell sizer mechanism that controls the entry into S phase. A genome-wide transcriptional analysis of FAR1-overexpressing and far1 deleted cells grown in ethanol- or glucose-supplemented minimal media indicates that FAR1 overexpression induces strong transcriptional remodelling, metabolism being the most affected cellular property. These data suggest that the Far1/Cln3 sizer regulates cell growth either directly or indirectly by affecting metabolism and pathways known to modulate ribosome biogenesis. A crucial role in mediating the effect of Far1 overexpression is played by the Sfp1 protein, a key transcriptional regulator of ribosome biogenesis, whose presence is mandatory to allow a coordinated increase in both RNA and protein levels in ethanol-grown cells.
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View SamplesIn response to microenvironmental signals macrophages undergo different activation, indicated as classic/M1 and alternative/M2 polarization. C-Myc transcription factor could be an essential player in M2 polarization.
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Specimen part
View SamplesThe role of the histone mehyltrasferase G9a (also known as Ehmt2) in cardiac hypertrophy has not been studied extensively. To address how G9a promotes cardiac hypertrophy, we assessed the gene expression signature defined by G9a in cardiomyocytes (CM) of mice subject to transverse aortic constriction (TAC) for 1 wk, a surgical procedure that causes cardiac hypertrophy following the induction of pressure overload. To this end, we compared the expression profiles of CMs isolated from mice treated with the G9a inhibitor BIX-01294 and control groups (untreated and DMSO-treated mice at baseline and after TAC). The expression profiles were defined by Illumina arrays .
Histone Methyltransferase G9a Is Required for Cardiomyocyte Homeostasis and Hypertrophy.
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View SamplesThe capacity of the hematopoietic system to promptly respond to peripheral demands relies on adequate pools of progenitors able to transiently proliferate and differentiate in a regulated manner. However, little is known about factors that may restrain progenitor maturation to maintain their reservoirs. In addition to a profound defect in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) self-renewal, conditional knockout mice for the Pbx1 proto-oncogene have a significant reduction in lineage-restricted progenitors, including common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) and, to a lesser extent, granulocyte-monocyte progenitors (GMPs).
Pbx1 restrains myeloid maturation while preserving lymphoid potential in hematopoietic progenitors.
Age, Specimen part
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Pbx1 regulates self-renewal of long-term hematopoietic stem cells by maintaining their quiescence.
Age, Specimen part
View SamplesSelf-renewal is a defining characteristic of stem cells, however the molecular pathways underlying its regulation are poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that conditional inactivation of the Pbx1 proto-oncogene in the hematopoietic compartment results in a progressive loss of long-term hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs) that is associated with concomitant reduction in their quiescence, leading to a defect in the maintenance of self-renewal as assessed by serial transplantation. Transcriptional profiling revealed that multiple stem cell maintenance factors are perturbed in Pbx1-deficient LT-HSCs, which prematurely express a large subset of genes, including cell cycle regulators, normally expressed in non-self-renewing multipotent progenitors. A significant proportion of Pbx1-dependent genes are associated with the Tgf-b pathway, which serves a major role in maintaining HSC quiescence. Pbx1-deficient LT-HSCs are unable to up-regulate the cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor p57 in response to Tgf-b, providing a mechanism through which Pbx1 maintenance of stem cell self-renewal is achieved.
Pbx1 regulates self-renewal of long-term hematopoietic stem cells by maintaining their quiescence.
Age, Specimen part
View SamplesSelf-renewal is a defining characteristic of stem cells, however the molecular pathways underlying its regulation are poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that conditional inactivation of the Pbx1 proto-oncogene in the hematopoietic compartment results in a progressive loss of long-term hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs) that is associated with concomitant reduction in their quiescence, leading to a defect in the maintenance of self-renewal as assessed by serial transplantation. Transcriptional profiling revealed that multiple stem cell maintenance factors are perturbed in Pbx1-deficient LT-HSCs, which prematurely express a large subset of genes, including cell cycle regulators, normally expressed in non-self-renewing multipotent progenitors.
Pbx1 regulates self-renewal of long-term hematopoietic stem cells by maintaining their quiescence.
Age, Specimen part
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Histone Methyltransferase G9a Is Required for Cardiomyocyte Homeostasis and Hypertrophy.
Treatment
View SamplesNatural Killer (NK) cells are the first lymphocyte population to reconstitute early after non myelo-ablative and T cell-replete haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (h-HSCTs) with post-transplant infusion of cyclophosphamide. The present study characterizes the transient and predominant expansion starting from the 2nd week after h-HSCT of a donor-derived unconventional subset of CD56dim/CD16neg (uCD56dim) NK cells expressing remarkable high levels of NKG2A and low levels of NKp46. Both transcription and phenotypic profiles indicated that uCD56dim NK cells are a distinct NK cell subpopulation with features of late differentiation, yet retaining proliferative capability and functional plasticity to generate conventional CD56bright/CD16pos NK cells in response to IL-15 plus IL-18. uCD56dim NK cells represent by far the largest NK cell subset detectable in the following 7 weeks after h-HSCT and they also express high levels of the activating receptors NKGD and NKp30 as well as of the lytic granules Granzyme-B and Perforin. Nonetheless, uCD56dim NK cells displayed a defective cytotoxicity that could be reversed by blocking the inhibitory receptor CD94/NKG2A. These data open new important perspectives to better understand the ontogenesis/homeostasis of human NK cells and to develop a novel immune-therapeutic approach by targeting the inhibitory NKG2A check point, thus enhancing NK cell alloreactivity early after h-HSCT.
The early expansion of anergic NKG2A<sup>pos</sup>/CD56<sup>dim</sup>/CD16<sup>neg</sup> natural killer represents a therapeutic target in haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Specimen part
View SamplesGenome-wide gene expression analysis on tibialis anterior muscle from 2-month-old nebulin SH3 domain deleted (NebSH3) mice compared to wildtype.
The nebulin SH3 domain is dispensable for normal skeletal muscle structure but is required for effective active load bearing in mouse.
Sex, Age, Specimen part
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