Mycobacteria can survive and persist in macrophages despite triggering multiple pattern recognition receptors and strong T cell-derived IFN-gamma production. The mycobacterial cord factor trehalose-6,6-dimycolate binds the C-type lectin receptor Mincle and induces inflammatory gene expression through the Syk-Card9 pathway. It is well established that TDM and IFN-gamma synergize to induce expression of iNOS. However, the cord factor may also act to down-regulate IFN-gamma-induced responses and contribute to mycobacterial immune evasion.
No associated publication
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesImpaired post-ischemic angiogenesis in rats with chronic kidney disease: underlying changes in ischemia-induced early regulation of gene expression
No associated publication
Specimen part
View SamplesKaposis sarcoma-associated hepesvirus (KSHV) encodes four genes with homology to human interferon regulatory factors (IRFs). One of these IRFs, the viral interferon regulatory factor 3 (vIRF-3) is expressed in latently infected PEL cells and required for their continuous proliferation. Moreover, vIRF-3 is known to be involved in modulation of the type I interferon response.
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus viral interferon regulatory factor 3 inhibits gamma interferon and major histocompatibility complex class II expression.
Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesBy investigating the germinal center (GC) formation in STAT6ko/WT bone marrow-mixed chimera we found that GC formation in type 2 immune responses is dependent on B cell intrinsic expression of IL-4/IL-13-induced genes. We therefore used microarrays to find Stat6 dependent genes that are important for germinal center formation and/or organization after infection with the nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (N. brasiliensis).
B-cell-intrinsic STAT6 signaling controls germinal center formation.
Specimen part
View SamplesBackground: In classrooms high concentrations of particulate matter PM10 were measured. It is unknown whether the hazard of indoor particles is similar to that of the better studied outdoor particles. This study therefore analyzed adverse biological effects of classroom in comparison to outdoor PM10.
No associated publication
Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesMycobacterium avium infection in mice induces granuloma necrosis in the lung which is dependent on IFNg. IRF1 is a transcription factor activated by IFNg signaling. The effect of IFNg and IRF1 on immunopathology and transcriptional changes in the lung were analysed using gene-deficient mice.
Mycobacteria-induced granuloma necrosis depends on IRF-1.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesControlled decay of cytokine and chemokine mRNAs restrains the time and amplitude of inflammatory responses. Tristetraprolin (TTP) binds to AU-rich elements in 3 untranslated regions of mRNA and targets the bound mRNA for degradation. We have addressed here the function of TTP in balancing the macrophage activation state by a comprehensive analysis of TTP-dependent mRNA decay in LPS-stimulated macrophages from WT and TTP-deficient mice.
Tristetraprolin-driven regulatory circuit controls quality and timing of mRNA decay in inflammation.
Specimen part
View SamplesEffects of SOCS3 on the transcriptional response of bone marrow-derived macrophages to IL-6.
SOCS3 regulates the plasticity of gp130 signaling.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThe cytokine IL-10 deactivates macrophages and has been shown to impair resistance to mycobacterial infection. We have infected transgenic mice overexpressing IL-10 under control of the macrophage-specific CD68 promoter (macIL-10tg mice) with Mycobacterium tuberculosis by aerosol and found increased bacterial loads in the lungs of macIL-10tg mice.
Autocrine IL-10 induces hallmarks of alternative activation in macrophages and suppresses antituberculosis effector mechanisms without compromising T cell immunity.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThe genome of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) encodes 86 proteins but only a limited set is expressed in EBV-growth transformed B cells, termed lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs). These cells proliferate via the concerted action of EBV nuclear antigens (EBNAs) and latent membrane proteins (LMPs), some of which are rate limiting to establish a stable homeostasis of growth promoting and anti-apoptotic activities. We show here that EBV mutants, which lack the EBNA-3A gene, are impaired but can still initiate cell-cycle entry and proliferation of primary human B cells in contrast to an EBNA-2-deficient mutant virus. Surprisingly and in contrast to previous reports, these viral mutants are attenuated in growth transformation assays but give rise to permanently growing EBNA-3A negative B cell lines which exhibit reduced proliferation rates and elevated levels of apoptosis. Expression profiles of EBNA-3A deficient LCLs are characterized by 129 upregulated and 167 downregulated genes, which are significantly enriched for genes involved in apoptotic processes or cell cycle progression like the tumor suppressor gene p16/INK4A or might contribute to essential steps in the viral life cycle. In addition EBNA-3A cellular target genes remarkably overlap with previously identified targets of EBNA-2.
Differential gene expression patterns of EBV infected EBNA-3A positive and negative human B lymphocytes.
Specimen part
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